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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (27): 118-123.

所属专题： 生物技术； 小麦； 园艺； 农业气象

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

花后干旱和低氮胁迫下外源葡萄糖对小麦产量性状的影响

胡梦芸 李辉 李倩影 刘茜 刘树海   

  • 收稿日期:2012-05-21 修回日期:2012-06-21 出版日期:2012-09-25 发布日期:2012-09-25
  • 基金资助:

    改善淀粉品质和加工品质转基因小麦新品种培育和氮高效利用转基因小麦品种培育

Effects of exogenous glucose on grain yield characteristics in wheat from its anthesis to maturity under drought and low nitrogen

  • Received:2012-05-21 Revised:2012-06-21 Online:2012-09-25 Published:2012-09-25

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摘要：

为了解葡萄糖对干旱和低氮胁迫下小麦产量的调节作用，在温室盆栽条件下，研究花后干旱和缺氮胁迫下外源葡萄糖对冬小麦籽粒产量和品质性状的影响。结果表明：花后干旱×低氮互作显著影响小麦的结实率和籽粒的灌浆，明显减少可育小穗数、穗粒数、粒重和籽粒充实度，而且缺氮处理显著降低了籽粒的蛋白质和淀粉产量。在花后干旱×低氮互作下外源喷施葡萄糖处理，明显增加了单穗结实率和籽粒干物质的积累，提高了灌浆中后期旗叶的叶绿素含量，延长了旗叶的光合功能期和灌浆持续期，明显促进了小麦籽粒蛋白质和淀粉积累，提高了小麦经济产量。试验结果表明，外源喷施葡萄糖处理有利于减轻干旱和低氮胁迫对籽粒发育和灌浆的不利影响。

关键词: 预测, 预测

Abstract:

The aim was to understand the regulation roles of glucose on wheat grain yield under drought and low nitrogen stress. Pot experiments were carried out to study the effects of exogenous glucose on wheat grain yield and quality characteristics from anthesis to maturity under soil drought combined with low nitrogen. The results showed that drought combined with lower nitrogen level significantly affected maturing rate and grain filling after anthesis. In comparing with normal nitrogen level, lower nitrogen level reduced fertile spikelet number, kernel number per spike, grain weight and grain plumpness.The yields of starch and protein in grains were reduced under drought combined with low nitrogen. However, application exogenous glucose under drought combined with low nitrogen significantly improved the accumulation of dry matter in grain, and increased maturing rate, the accumulations of starch and protein in grain. Wheat supplied with exogenous glucose could increase grain yield by maintaining comparatively higher SPAD of flag leaf during moderate and later grain filling, and prolonging the duration of grain filling. It indicated that the application exogenous glucose contributed to aggravation of the adverse effects of drought combined with low nitrogen on the development of grain and grain filling.