城市生活垃圾堆放对土壤细菌群落结构和功能的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0120

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (17): 72-79.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0120

所属专题：资源与环境

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇下一篇

城市生活垃圾堆放对土壤细菌群落结构和功能的影响

程智超¹(), 吴文彦¹, 宋永辉¹, 隋心¹(), 李梦莎², 杨立宾²()

¹黑龙江大学生命科学学院,黑龙江省寒地生态修复与资源利用重点实验室,哈尔滨150080
²黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所,哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2021-02-02 修回日期:2021-04-08 出版日期:2021-06-15 发布日期:2021-06-29
通讯作者: 隋心,杨立宾
作者简介:程智超,男,2000年出生,黑龙江哈尔滨人,本科,研究方向：微生物生态学。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号黑龙江大学生命科学学院,Tel：0451-86608114,E-mail：1205420828@qq.com。
基金资助:
黑龙江省自然科学基金项目“三江平原湿地土壤氮素形态对温室气体排放及微生物群落结构的影响”(LH2020C088);黑龙江大学杰出青年基金“不同森林类型土壤微生物群落结构及功能特征”(JCL202006)

Influence of Municipal Solid Waste Stacking on Soil Bacterial Community Structure and Function

Cheng Zhichao¹(), Wu Wenyan¹, Song Yonghui¹, Sui Xin¹(), Li Mengsha², Yang Libin²()

¹Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
²Institute of Nature and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040

Received:2021-02-02 Revised:2021-04-08 Online:2021-06-15 Published:2021-06-29
Contact: Sui Xin,Yang Libin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究城市生活垃圾堆放对土壤细菌群落结构组成、多样性和功能的影响,通过高通量测序技术,哈尔滨市双城区垃圾堆放土壤和距离垃圾堆放50 m的土壤细菌群落结构进行分析及功能预测。结果表明：对照组和处理组分别得到85435和76432条有效序列;相较于未堆放土壤,堆放生活垃圾的土壤细菌Chao1指数降低14.47%,细菌Shannon指数降低15.01%;在细菌门分类水平上,2组土壤的优势门类均为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria),但相对丰度具有显著差异,其中绿弯菌门增加幅度最大,为7.0%;而拟杆菌门减少幅度最大,为12.6%;优势属类为黄单胞菌属和硫化细菌属的相对丰度最高。其中硫化细菌属(Bacillus)相对于对照组增加4.3%。PICRUSt预测结果表明,6个代谢通路中有41个KEGG二级功能群,其中氨基酸代谢、碳水化合物代谢为2组样品在二级功能群的优势功能,垃圾堆放对功能基因丰度影响显著。由此可见,垃圾堆放对土壤细菌丰度和多样性产生负面影响,对细菌群落的相对丰度具有显著影响,而且对功能产生显著影响,此结果对于阐明垃圾堆放后土壤质量提供理论数据。

关键词: 生活垃圾, 土壤细菌, 高通量测序, PICRUSt功能预测

Abstract:

To explore the effect of municipal solid waste stacking on the structure, diversity and function of soil bacteria, by using the Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology, we investigated the soil bacterial community structure and function from the municipal solid waste stacking soil and the no waste stacking soil 50 m away from waste stacking soil in Shuangcheng District, Harbin. The results showed that the control group and the treatment group obtained 85435 and 76432 effective sequences, respectively; compared with the control soil, the Chao1 index of bacteria in treatment soil decreased by 14.47% and the Shannon index decreased by 15.01%; the dominant bacterial phyla of two treatment soils were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and Cyanobacteria, but the relative abundances were significantly different, in which Chloroflexi increased most by 7.0% and Bacteroidetes decreased most by 12.6%. The relative abundances of Bacillus and Xanthomonas were the highest. Compared with the control treatment, the relative abundance of Bacillus increased by 4.3%. The results of PICRUSt prediction showed that there were 41 KEGG secondary functional groups in the 6 metabolic pathways, of which amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism were the dominant functions of the two soil samples in the secondary functional groups. The solid waste stacking had a significant impact on the abundance of functional genes. Solid waste stacking has significant negative effect on the abundance and diversity of soil bacteria, as well as a significant effect on the relative abundance of soil bacterial communities and their function, and the study result could provide theoretical data for elucidating the soil quality after solid waste stacking.

Key words: household garbage, soil bacteria, high-throughput sequencing, PICRUSt function prediction

中图分类号:

Q148

程智超, 吴文彦, 宋永辉, 隋心, 李梦莎, 杨立宾. 城市生活垃圾堆放对土壤细菌群落结构和功能的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2021, 37(17): 72-79.

Cheng Zhichao, Wu Wenyan, Song Yonghui, Sui Xin, Li Mengsha, Yang Libin. Influence of Municipal Solid Waste Stacking on Soil Bacterial Community Structure and Function[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(17): 72-79.

图/表 6

参考文献 27

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Sample	Sobs	Shannon	Simpson	Ace	Chao1	Coverage/%
对照	1921.0±136.7a	6.2±0.1a	0.007±0.002a	2242.7±127.3a	2249.3±118.3a	98±0.00a
处理	1646.3±61.78b	5.8±0.12b	0.012±0.003a	1906.1±66.1b	1923.7±92.2b	98±0.00a

Sample	Sobs	Shannon	Simpson	Ace	Chao1	Coverage/%
对照	1921.0±136.7a	6.2±0.1a	0.007±0.002a	2242.7±127.3a	2249.3±118.3a	98±0.00a
处理	1646.3±61.78b	5.8±0.12b	0.012±0.003a	1906.1±66.1b	1923.7±92.2b	98±0.00a

一级功能		二级功能		C			百分比/%			T			百分比/%
Metabolism		Amino Acid Metabolism		2854091			10.47			2331140			10.18
Metabolism		Carbohydrate Metabolism		2670399			9.80			2206482			9.64
Environmental Information Processing		Membrane Transport		2604045			9.56			2383110			10.41
Genetic Information Processing		Replication and Repair		2021780			7.42			1708886			7.46
Metabolism		Energy Metabolism		1804503			6.62			1491229			6.51
Unclassified		Poorly Characterized		1398465			5.13			1172485			5.12
Genetic Information Processing		Translation		1301802			4.78			1122984			4.90
Metabolism		Metabolism of Cofactors and Vitamins		1245312			4.57			1025830			4.48
Unclassified		Cellular Processes and Signaling		1034875			3.80			871649			3.81
Metabolism		Lipid Metabolism		984298			3.61			804376			3.51
Metabolism		Nucleotide Metabolism		925572			3.40			774079			3.38
Cellular Processes		Cell Motility		911201			3.34			863550			3.77
Metabolism		Xenobiotics Biodegradation and Metabolism		778081			2.86			593932			2.59
Unclassified		Genetic Information Processing		735318			2.70			615411			2.69
Genetic Information Processing		Folding, Sorting and Degradation		708558			2.60			616715			2.69
Unclassified		Metabolism		700475			2.57			570276			2.49
Metabolism		Glycan Biosynthesis and Metabolism		627282			2.30			536108			2.34
Environmental Information Processing		Signal Transduction		617938			2.27			531786			2.32
Genetic Information Processing		Transcription		605085			2.22			496863			2.17
一级功能	二级功能				C			百分比/%			T			百分比/%
Metabolism	Metabolism of Terpenoids and Polyketides				580423			2.13			467502			2.04
Metabolism	Enzyme Families				552628			2.03			462769			2.02
Metabolism	Metabolism of Other Amino Acids				499610			1.83			390798			1.71
Metabolism	Biosynthesis of Other Secondary Metabolites				279783			1.03			227262			0.99
Cellular Processes	Cell Growth and Death				162926			0.60			131388			0.57
Human Diseases	Infectious Diseases				116452			0.43			90288			0.39
Organismal Systems	Endocrine System				109991			0.40			90806			0.40
Cellular Processes	Transport and Catabolism				89898			0.33			70245			0.31
Human Diseases	Neurodegenerative Diseases				86995			0.32			68964			0.30
Environmental Information Processing			Signaling Molecules and Interaction			46054			0.17			34673		0.15
Organismal Systems			Environmental Adaptation			40935			0.15			35208		0.15
Human Diseases			Cancers			40283			0.15			26719		0.12
Human Diseases			Metabolic Diseases			23895			0.09			18772		0.08
Organismal Systems			Nervous System			22358			0.08			17221		0.08
Organismal Systems			Immune System			15163			0.06			12411		0.05
Organismal Systems			Digestive System			13605			0.05			8702		0.04
Organismal Systems			Circulatory System			11550			0.04			10397		0.05
Human Diseases			Immune System Diseases			10862			0.04			7727		0.03
Organismal Systems			Excretory System			10817			0.04			8228		0.04
Human Diseases			Cardiovascular Diseases			4608			0.02			1683		0.01
Cellular Processes			Cell Communication			54			0.00			36		0.00
Organismal Systems			Sensory System			18			0.00			12		0.00

一级功能		二级功能		C			百分比/%			T			百分比/%
Metabolism		Amino Acid Metabolism		2854091			10.47			2331140			10.18
Metabolism		Carbohydrate Metabolism		2670399			9.80			2206482			9.64
Environmental Information Processing		Membrane Transport		2604045			9.56			2383110			10.41
Genetic Information Processing		Replication and Repair		2021780			7.42			1708886			7.46
Metabolism		Energy Metabolism		1804503			6.62			1491229			6.51
Unclassified		Poorly Characterized		1398465			5.13			1172485			5.12
Genetic Information Processing		Translation		1301802			4.78			1122984			4.90
Metabolism		Metabolism of Cofactors and Vitamins		1245312			4.57			1025830			4.48
Unclassified		Cellular Processes and Signaling		1034875			3.80			871649			3.81
Metabolism		Lipid Metabolism		984298			3.61			804376			3.51
Metabolism		Nucleotide Metabolism		925572			3.40			774079			3.38
Cellular Processes		Cell Motility		911201			3.34			863550			3.77
Metabolism		Xenobiotics Biodegradation and Metabolism		778081			2.86			593932			2.59
Unclassified		Genetic Information Processing		735318			2.70			615411			2.69
Genetic Information Processing		Folding, Sorting and Degradation		708558			2.60			616715			2.69
Unclassified		Metabolism		700475			2.57			570276			2.49
Metabolism		Glycan Biosynthesis and Metabolism		627282			2.30			536108			2.34
Environmental Information Processing		Signal Transduction		617938			2.27			531786			2.32
Genetic Information Processing		Transcription		605085			2.22			496863			2.17
一级功能	二级功能				C			百分比/%			T			百分比/%
Metabolism	Metabolism of Terpenoids and Polyketides				580423			2.13			467502			2.04
Metabolism	Enzyme Families				552628			2.03			462769			2.02
Metabolism	Metabolism of Other Amino Acids				499610			1.83			390798			1.71
Metabolism	Biosynthesis of Other Secondary Metabolites				279783			1.03			227262			0.99
Cellular Processes	Cell Growth and Death				162926			0.60			131388			0.57
Human Diseases	Infectious Diseases				116452			0.43			90288			0.39
Organismal Systems	Endocrine System				109991			0.40			90806			0.40
Cellular Processes	Transport and Catabolism				89898			0.33			70245			0.31
Human Diseases	Neurodegenerative Diseases				86995			0.32			68964			0.30
Environmental Information Processing			Signaling Molecules and Interaction			46054			0.17			34673		0.15
Organismal Systems			Environmental Adaptation			40935			0.15			35208		0.15
Human Diseases			Cancers			40283			0.15			26719		0.12
Human Diseases			Metabolic Diseases			23895			0.09			18772		0.08
Organismal Systems			Nervous System			22358			0.08			17221		0.08
Organismal Systems			Immune System			15163			0.06			12411		0.05
Organismal Systems			Digestive System			13605			0.05			8702		0.04
Organismal Systems			Circulatory System			11550			0.04			10397		0.05
Human Diseases			Immune System Diseases			10862			0.04			7727		0.03
Organismal Systems			Excretory System			10817			0.04			8228		0.04
Human Diseases			Cardiovascular Diseases			4608			0.02			1683		0.01
Cellular Processes			Cell Communication			54			0.00			36		0.00
Organismal Systems			Sensory System			18			0.00			12		0.00

城市生活垃圾堆放对土壤细菌群落结构和功能的影响

Influence of Municipal Solid Waste Stacking on Soil Bacterial Community Structure and Function

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