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中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (18): 136-141.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16030006

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

硅藻土、改性海泡石对氮磷钾吸附和缓释作用的研究

曹 畅,梁绮雯,田 宇,谭 鹏,蔺万煌   

  1. (湖南农业大学植物激素与生长发育湖南省重点实验室,长沙 410128)
  • 收稿日期:2016-03-01 修回日期:2016-06-08 接受日期:2016-03-23 出版日期:2016-06-28 发布日期:2016-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 曹畅
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省高校创新平台开放基金资助项目“腐植酸调控水稻生长发育的生理机制研究”(13K065),“商陆高亲和性K+吸收与转运相关基因的筛选及候选基因的表达分析”(15K061)。

Adsorption and Slow-release Effect of Diatomite and Modified Sepiolite on NPK

Cao Chang, Liang Qiwen, Tian Yu, Tan Peng, Lin Wanhuang   

  1. (Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128)
  • Received:2016-03-01 Revised:2016-06-08 Accepted:2016-03-23 Online:2016-06-28 Published:2016-06-28

摘要: 为了提高土壤中氮磷钾肥的利用率,通过恒温振荡试验研究了硅藻土、改性海泡石对氯化铵、磷酸二氢钙和氯化钾的吸附作用。通过盆栽试验,测定了玉米不同生长时期土壤中氮磷钾含量,研究了硅藻土、改性海泡石对氮磷钾的缓释作用。研究结果表明,在25℃条件下恒温振荡4 h,氯化铵和氯化钾的初始浓度为60 mg/L时,硅藻土对氮、钾的吸附率分别达到最大值12.80%和17.26%;改性海泡石对氮、钾的吸附率分别达到最大值19.22%和14.75%。当磷酸二氢钙的初始浓度为60 mg/L时,恒温振荡6 h,硅藻土、改性海泡石对磷的吸附率分别达到最大值35.42%和13.42%。对玉米盆栽试验土壤中氮磷钾含量的测定结果表明:硅藻土、改性海泡石对氮磷钾具有良好的缓释作用。该试验获得了硅藻土:改性海泡石:尿素:过磷酸钙:氯化钾的优化质量比为3:3:17.3:9.3:9.6,为缓释肥的研制奠定了基础。

关键词: 微生物肥料, 微生物肥料, 烤烟, 应用, 研究进展

Abstract: In order to improve the using efficiency of NPK fertilizer, an oscillation experiment was conducted to study the adsorption effect of diatomite and modified sepiolite on NH4Cl, Ca(H2PO4)2 and KCl. And a pot experiment was also conducted to study NPK content in soil in different growth stages of maize and the slow-release effect of diatomite and modified sepiolite. The results showed that when the oscillation continued for 4 hours at 25℃ under the initial concentration of NH4Cl and KCl of 60 mg/L, the adsorption rates of diatomite to N and K reached the maximum of 12.80% and 17.26%, the adsorption rates of modified sepiolite to N and K reached the maximum of 19.22% and 14.75%. When the oscillation continued for 6 hours under the initial concentration of Ca(H2PO4)2 of 60 mg/L, the adsorption rates of diatomite and modified sepiolite to P reached the maximum of 35.42% and 13.42%. The results of the pot experiment showed that diatomite and modified sepiolite had good slow-release effect on NPK. This study obtained the optimum proportion of diatomite: modified sepiolite: urea: calcium superphosphate: potassium chloride as 3:3:17.3:9.3:9.6, which could lay a foundation for the development of slow-release fertilizer.

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