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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 139-146.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17040066

所属专题： 生物技术； 水产渔业

• 水产 渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

酒糟酵母培养物对草鱼生长性能和溶菌酶活性的影响

李军涛,刘寒,解宜兴,周定方,王赟,王卫民   

  1. 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,华中农业大学水产学院,华中农业大学水产学院,湖北高生生物饲料有限公司,湖北高生生物饲料有限公司,华中农业大学水产学院
  • 收稿日期:2017-04-11 修回日期:2018-01-23 接受日期:2017-06-08 出版日期:2018-02-26 发布日期:2018-02-26
  • 通讯作者: 王卫民
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系“大宗淡水鱼产业体系团头鲂种质资源与育种”(CARS-46-05)。

Distillers’Grains-Yeast Culture Affecting Growth Performance and Lysozyme Activity in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

  • Received:2017-04-11 Revised:2018-01-23 Accepted:2017-06-08 Online:2018-02-26 Published:2018-02-26

摘要： 本试验以混养鱼种饲料为基础饲料(对照组)，用酒糟酵母培养物分别等量替换8%、10%、12%，16%含量的基础饲料(4个试验组)，进行为期10周的草鱼饲养试验，探究酒糟酵母培养物部分替换基础饲料后，对草鱼生长性、表观消化率、溶菌酶活性的影响，并确定最佳替换量。试验结果表明，酒糟酵母培养物部分替换基础饲料对草鱼生长性能影响显著，与对照组(基础饲料)相比，12%、16%、10%及8%的试验组其草鱼分别增重14.66%、12.19%、9.74%和6.70%。对照组与各试验组在均增重率、体重绝对增长率等指标上均具有显著差异(P<0.05)，而饲料系数、肥满度、内脏指数等指标没有显著差异(P>0.05)。16%试验组灰分的表观消化率显著低于对照组和其他试验组(P<0.05)；16%和12%试验组的干物质表观消化率显著低于对照组和其他试验组(P<0.05)；试验中酒糟酵母培养物的替代量并没有使饲料的粗蛋白、总磷和粗脂肪的表观消化率出现显著差异(P>0.05)。基于生长性能和表观消化率的研究结果，表明饲料中酒糟酵母培养物的最佳替代量为12%。饲养试验结束后测定了各酒糟酵母培养物试验组和对照组中溶菌酶(LYS)，在肝脏中，对照组和8%试验组的LYS与10%、12%及16%的试验组差异显著(P<0.05)；在血清中，对照组与10%、12%及16%试验组差异显著(P<0.05)，8%试验组与16%试验组差异显著(P<0.05)，其它组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。酒糟酵母培养物替换基础饲料能够显著的加快草鱼的生长速度，草鱼的溶菌酶酶的免疫活性没有出现明显的增强趋势和峰值。

关键词: 黄瓜, 黄瓜, 棒孢叶斑病, 抗性鉴定, 种质筛选

Abstract: The basal feed (feed for polyculture) was respectively replaced by 0% (control), 8%, 10%, 12%, 16% distillers’grains-yeast culture. Through 10 weeks of feeding experiment, the effects of partial distillers’ grains-yeast culture replacement on the growth performance, apparent digestibility and lysozyme activity were determined. The results showed that the distillers’grains-yeast culture replacement significantly affected the growth performance of grass carp, compared with the control. Body weight gain in 12%, 16%, 10% and 8% replacement groups was 14.66% , 12.19% , 9.74% and 6.70% , respectively. Between the control and replacement groups, the average weight gain rate and absolute growth rate were significantly different (P＜ 0.05), but feed conversion ratio, condition factor and viscera index showed no significant differences (P＞0.05). The apparent digestibility of ash in 16% replacement group was significantly lower than that in the control and other replacement groups (P＜0.05); the apparent digestibility of dry matter in 16% and 12% replacement groups were significantly lower than that in the control and other replacement groups (P＜0.05); the apparent digestibility of crude fat, crude protein and total phosphorus did not show significant differences (P＞0.05) between the control and replacement groups. Based on growth performance and apparent digestibility, 12% was the best replacement ratio. In addition, we collected serum and liver samples of grass carp and determined lysozyme activity. The results showed that in liver, lysozyme activity in the control and 8% replacement group was significantly different from that in 10%、12% and 16% replacement groups. In serum, the control showed significant differences in lysozyme activity with 10% , 12% and 16% replacement groups (P＜0.05); 8% replacement group showed significant difference in lysozyme activity with 16% replacement group; and there were no significant differences among other groups (P＞0.05). Distillers’grains-yeast culture replacing basal feed can significantly speed up the growth of grass carp, and the activity of lysozyme in grass carp did not show significant increase and peak.