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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 132-139.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190900624

所属专题: 小麦

• 三农研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国小麦进口贸易格局及其影响因素研究——基于贸易引力模型

李浩然, 穆月英()   

  1. 中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-10 修回日期:2019-11-06 出版日期:2020-02-25 发布日期:2020-02-22
  • 通讯作者: 穆月英
  • 作者简介:李浩然,女,1996年出生,在读硕士,研究方向:农业经济理论与政策。通信地址:100083 北京市海淀区清华东路17号 中国农业大学,E-mail:holly1996@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金重大项目“我国粮食生产的水资源时空匹配及优化路径研究”(18ZDA074);国家重点研发计划项目“粮食作物丰产增效资源配置机理与种植模式优化——粮食主产区作物种植模式资源效率与生态经济评价”(2016YFD0300210);中央高校基本科研业务费项目“我国粮食生产水资源的空间匹配及地区比较优势研究”(2019TC069)

Wheat Import Trade Pattern and Its Influencing Factors in China: Based on the Trade Gravity Model

Li Haoran, Mu Yueying()   

  1. College of Economics & Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083
  • Received:2019-09-10 Revised:2019-11-06 Online:2020-02-25 Published:2020-02-22
  • Contact: Mu Yueying

摘要:

中国是小麦的净进口国,对国际市场的依赖性高,研究中国小麦进口的来源结构以及影响因素,对中国粮食安全问题至关重要。在1992—2017年小麦贸易的形势分析基础之上,利用引力模型对小麦的进口贸易的影响因素进行研究。结果表明:自2013年以来,中国小麦贸易量处于平稳状态,逐步形成了以澳大利亚为主,美国加拿大和哈萨克斯坦为辅的进口格局;中国小麦进口结构趋于优化,与哈萨克斯坦、以色列等一带一路沿线国家的小麦贸易增速较快;地理距离、是否沿海、是否加入APEC、出口国当年GDP和上年粮食产量对中国小麦进口有显著影响。最后,还提出了相应的对策建议。

关键词: 中国, 小麦, 进口, 贸易, 引力模型

Abstract:

China is a net importer of wheat and has a high dependence on the international market. Therefore, studying the source structure of China’s wheat import and its influencing factors are vital to China’s food security. Based on the analysis of wheat trade situation during 1992-2017, we studied the influencing factors of wheat import trade by using the gravity model. The results show that: since 2013, China’s wheat trade volume has been in a stable state, gradually forming an import pattern dominated by Australia, supplemented by the United States, Canada and Kazakhstan; China’s wheat import structure has been optimized, and the growth rate of wheat trade with countries such as Kazakhstan, Israel and other participating countries of the Belt and Road Initiative have been relatively high; moreover, geographical distance, coastal status, whether to join APEC, exporting country’s GDP of the year and its grain output in the last year significantly affect China’s wheat imports; finally, we also put forward some relevant suggestions.

Key words: China, wheat, import, trade, gravity model

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