间作对作物产量效应的Meta分析

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19010096

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在探明间作模式对作物产量的影响,为间作措施的合理应用和推广提供理论依据。该研究以单作为对照,利用Meta分析方法定量分析间作对作物产量的影响及其影响因素。结果表明,间作较单作显著降低了作物产量,尤其在温带地区。此外,在地面覆盖和豆科作物条件下,间作也降低了作物产量。然而,当降雨量超过600 mm时,间作较单作的作物产量显著增加了29.6%。而当降雨量小于600 mm时,间作较单作的作物产量降低了18.7%。年均气温也显著影响间作的产量效应,当年均气温高于20℃时,间作较单作的作物产量降低了55.1%,长期间作（>5年）有利于提高产量,然而当年数少于3年时,间作较单作却降低了作物产量。高有机质含量(>20 g/kg)和低有机质含量(1 g/kg)条件下,间作均不利于作物产量提高。与此类似,当土壤全氮高于1.5 g/kg时,间作较单作的作物产量降低48.6%。间作对作物产量的降低幅度在pH 6.5~7.5时是最大的。当土壤有效磷、氮和钾含量分别为>30 mg/kg、 <50 mg/kg和50~100 mg/kg时间作较单作降低作物产量。因此,间作的产量效应受气候、试验年限和土壤性状等多种因素的影响。

关键词: 间作, 作物产量, 试验年数, Meta分析

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to clarify the impact of intercropping on crop yield, and to provide a theoretical basis for the rational application and promotion of intercropping measures. This study used a single cropping as a control to quantify and analyze the effects of intercropping on crop yield and the influencing factors. The results showed that, compared with single cropping, intercropping significantly reduced crop yields, especially in temperate regions. In addition, intercropping also reduced crop yields under ground cover and legume conditions. However, when rainfall exceeded 600 mm, crop yield of intercropping significantly increased by 29.6%, compared with single cropping. When rainfall was less than 600 mm, crop yield of intercropping decreased by 18.7%. The average annual temperature also significantly affected the yield effect of intercropping. When the annual average temperature was higher than 20℃, the crop yield of intercropping was reduced by 55.1%, compared with single cropping. Long-term intercropping (>5 years) was conducive to yield increase, but when the number of years was less than 3 years, crop yield of intercropping decreased compared with single crop. Under high organic matter content (>20 g/kg) and low organic matter content (<1 g/kg), intercropping was not conducive to crop yield increase. Similarly, when the total nitrogen in soil was higher than 1.5 g/kg, crop yield of intercropping was reduced by 48.6%. The yield reduction of intercropping was the greatest at pH 6.5-7.5. When the available phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium contents in soil were >30 mg/kg, <50 mg/kg, and 50-100 mg/kg, respectively, intercropping reduced crop yield compared with single cropping. Therefore, the yield effect of intercropping is affected by various factors such as climate, test years and soil properties.

Key words: intercropping, crop yield, experimental duration, Meta-analysis

中图分类号:

S513

禄兴丽, 段雅欣, 岳衡, 刘继虎, 康建宏, 吴宏亮, 代晓华, 吴娜, 贾彪. 间作对作物产量效应的Meta分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(14): 101-106.

Lu Xingli, Duan Yaxin, Yue Heng, Liu Jihu, Kang Jianhong, Wu Hongliang, Dai Xiaohua, Wu Na, Jia Biao. Meta-analysis: The Effect of Intercropping on Crop Yield[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(14): 101-106.

图/表 7

分组名称	总数	L1	L2	L3	Qb	P-value
气候类型	133	97	36		10.67	0.0002
覆盖类型	133	120	13		2.36	0.0304
作物种类	44	89			9.98	0.0002
降雨量	28	38			5.58	0.0002
年均温	4	39	7	22	9.31	0.0002
试验年数	102	19	12		22.20	0.0002
土壤有机质含量	22	28	15	8	6.79	0.0002
土壤全氮含量	18	26	22		7.33	0.0002
pH值	21	24	16		11.21	0.0002
土壤有效磷含量	29	26	7		12.63	0.0002
土壤速效氮含量	17	8			2.23	0.0012
土壤速效钾含量	11	34	22		9.36	0.0002

表1. Meta-analysis中不同分组、组数、组内异质性检验以及P值

图1. 作物产量效应量的频率分布图

图2. 间作在不同气候类型(a)、覆盖类型(b)和作物类型(c)下对作物产量的影响

图3. 间作在不同降雨量(a)和年均温(b)条件下对作物产量的影响

图4. 间作在不同间作年数条件下对作物产量的影响

图5. 间作在不同土壤有机质含量(a)、全氮含量(b)和pH值(c)条件下的物产量效应

图6. 间作在不同土壤有效磷含量(a)、有效氮含量(b)和有效钾含量(c)下的作物产量效应

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