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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (15): 100-105.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19010151

• 生物科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

根瘤菌的分类、鉴定及应用技术研究现状

姚延轩1, 接伟光1,2(), 杜燕3, 赵冬梅1(), 阎秀峰2   

  1. 1 黑龙江东方学院 食品与环境工程学部,哈尔滨,150066
    2 东北林业大学盐碱地生物资源环境研究中心东北油田盐碱植被恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨 150040
    3 哈尔滨工业大学出版社,哈尔滨 150006
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-30 修回日期:2019-05-31 出版日期:2020-05-25 发布日期:2020-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 接伟光,赵冬梅
  • 作者简介:姚延轩,男,1995年出生,河北磁县人,硕士,主要从事微生物生态学研究。通信地址:150066 黑龙江省哈尔滨市哈南十九路1号,E-mail:yaoy_xuan@iCloud.com。
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省自然科学基金优秀青年项目“根内根孢囊酶对大豆连作障碍的修复机制研究”(YQ2019C016);黑龙江省东方学院科研项目计划重点项目“连作大豆根际优势促生菌的筛选及其降低大豆农残应用效果研究”(HDFKY190104)

Taxonomy, Identification and Application of Rhizobium

Yao Yanxuan1, Jie Weiguang1,2(), Du Yan3, Zhao Dongmei1(), Yan Xiufeng2   

  1. 1 Department of Food and Environment Engineering, East University of Heilongjiang, Harbin 150066
    2 Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040
    3 Harbin Institute of Technology Press, Harbin 150006
  • Received:2019-01-30 Revised:2019-05-31 Online:2020-05-25 Published:2020-05-21
  • Contact: Jie Weiguang,Zhao Dongmei

摘要:

豆科植物(legumines)作为重要的粮食及经济作物,一直以来被广受重视。根瘤菌(Rhizbium)是一类普遍存在于土壤中的革兰氏阴性杆菌,可与豆科植物形成共生固氮体系,不仅可以提高植物的产量而且对周边生态环境无影响。根瘤菌与豆科植物的共生体系是生物固氮效率最高的,占生物固氮总量的65%以上。深入研究这种共生固氮体系对中国农业的可持续发展具有重要意义。近年来,越来越多的学者参与到根瘤菌的分类、鉴定以及应用技术的研究。本文主要从根瘤菌的分类、形态水平、生理生化水平、细胞组分、核酸分子水平的鉴定和根瘤菌的应用等方面进行了综述,为根瘤菌的实际应用提供参考依据。

关键词: 豆科植物, 根瘤菌, 分类, 鉴定, 应用

Abstract:

Leguminosae, as important food and cash crops, have been widely valued. Rhizobia are gram-negative bacilli which are ubiquitous in soil, and can form symbiotic nitrogen fixation system with legume plants. Rhizobium can not only increase the yield of plants, but also have no effect on the surrounding ecological environment. The symbiotic system of Rhizobium and leguminous plants has the highest biological nitrogen fixation efficiency, accounting for more than 65% of the total biological nitrogen fixation. The in-depth study of the symbiotic nitrogen fixation system is beneficial to the sustainable development of China’s agriculture. In recent years, more and more scholars have been involved in the classification, identification and application of Rhizobium. In this paper, the classification, morphological level, physiological and biochemical level, cell components, nucleic acid molecular level identification and application of Rhizobium are reviewed, which could provide references for the practical application of Rhizobium.

Key words: Leguminosae, Rhizobium, taxonomy, identification, application

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