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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (29): 22-30.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1037

所属专题： 生物技术

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

晋北谷子农艺和营养品质性状的相关性分析

李涌泉1(), 金赟1, 李佳月2, 孙学良3, 陈树俊1   

  1. 1山西大学生命科学学院,太原 030006
    2山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,太原 030031
    3广灵县泓源农业科技有限公司,山西大同 037500
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-01 修回日期:2022-02-22 出版日期:2022-10-15 发布日期:2022-10-14
  • 作者简介:李涌泉,男,1981年出生,山西广灵人,讲师,博士,主要从事作物栽培与环境逆境研究。通信地址：030006 山西省太原市坞城路92号 山西大学生命科学学院,Tel：0351-7010599,E-mail： yongquan@sxu.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    山西省重点研发计划项目“壶流河流域低重金属富集量优质谷子种质的筛选”(201803D221019-4)

Correlation Analysis of Agronomic and Nutrient Quality Characters of Millet in Northern Shanxi

LI Yongquan1(), JIN Yun1, LI Jiayue2, SUN Xueliang3, CHEN Shujun1   

  1. 1School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006
    2Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031
    3Guangling Hongyuan Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Datong, Shanxi 037500
  • Received:2021-11-01 Revised:2022-02-22 Online:2022-10-15 Published:2022-10-14

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摘要：

为了探明引进谷子品种在晋北春谷区广灵县种植的适应性,以‘晋谷21号’、‘晋谷59号’、‘大同45号’、‘鑫谷4号’、‘8311’为试验谷子品种,‘大白谷’为对照,在广灵县作疃乡百疃西堡村进行2年的种植试验,检测和分析主要农艺和营养品质性状的差异和相关性。结果显示,‘晋谷59号’和‘晋谷21号’的生育期分别为146天和139天,属于春播晚熟品种,‘8311’的生育期最短为120天。‘晋谷59号’的产量在2019年和2020年均为最高,分别为6483.11 kg/hm2和6707.80 kg/hm2,较对照‘大白谷’增幅分别为13.44%和15.15%,‘晋谷21号’的产量小幅高于对照。‘晋谷21号’和‘晋谷59号’的株高和穗宽值较大,‘大同45号’、‘晋谷21号’和‘晋谷59号’的穗较长;‘晋谷59号’、‘晋谷21号’和‘大同45号’的单穗重和单穗粒重值较大,较其他品种差异显著。‘大同45号’和‘鑫谷4号’千粒重值最大,与其他品种有显著性差异。‘晋谷21号’的蛋白质含量在2个年份均为最高,分别为13.03%和11.23%,其次为‘晋谷59号’,与其他品种有显著性差异。‘晋谷59号’的脂肪含量最高,分别为3.47%和5.13%。‘8311’的碳水化合物和淀粉含量最高。研究表明,谷子的产量、穗宽、旗叶宽、单穗重、单穗粒重、千粒重以及蛋白质、脂肪和膳食纤维含量的变异系数较大。产量与株高、穗宽、单穗重、单穗粒重和千粒重极显著正相关,与旗叶宽和脂肪含量显著正相关,与碳水化合物和淀粉含量显著负相关,这些性状对谷子产量有很大的影响,而且性状之间也存在着显著或极显著的相关性。综合分析引进谷子品种的农艺及营养品质性状,‘晋谷21号’和‘晋谷59号’在广灵县作疃乡的农艺性状表现正常且产量高于对照品种大白谷,主要营养成分含量较高,适应当地的生态环境,具有在当地推广种植的可行性。

关键词: 谷子, 农艺性状, 营养品质性状, 产量, 相关性分析

Abstract:

In order to explore the adaptability of the introduced millet varieties planted in Guangling County, a spring millet producing area of northern Shanxi Province, a two-year planting experiment was carried out in Baituan Xibu village of Zuotuan Township of Guangling County with ‘Jingu 21’, ‘Jingu 59’, ‘Datong 45’, ‘Xingu 4’ and ‘8311’ as experimental millet varieties and ‘Dabaigu’ as control, the differences and correlations of main agronomic and nutritional quality characters were analyzed. The results showed that the growth period of ‘Jingu 59’ and ‘Jingu 21’ was 146 d and 139 d respectively, which belonged to late-maturing varieties of spring sowing, and the growth period of ‘8311’ was 120 d, which was the shortest. The yield of ‘Jingu 59’ was the highest in 2019 (6483.11 kg/hm2) and 2020 (6707.80 kg/hm2), which increased by 13.44% and 15.15%, respectively, compared with that of the control ‘Dabaigu’. The yield of ‘Jingu 21’ was slightly higher than that of the control. The plant height and spike width of ‘Jingu 21’ and ‘Jingu 59’ were relatively large, so were the spike length of ‘Datong 45’, ‘Jingu 21’ and ‘Jingu 59’. The spike weight and spike grain weight of ‘Jingu 59’, ‘Jingu 21’ and ‘Datong 45’ were significantly higher than those of other varieties. The highest 1000-grain weight was found in ‘Datong 45’ and ‘Xingu 4’, which was significantly different from that of other varieties. The protein content of ‘Jingu 21’ was the highest in 2019 and 2020 (13.03% and 11.23%) among the varieties, followed by that of ‘Jingu 59’, significantly different from that of other varieties. The fat content of ‘Jingu 59’ was the highest, which was 3.47% and 5.13% in 2019 and 2020, respectively, while the content of carbohydrate and starch in ‘8311’ were the highest. The study demonstrated that yield, spike width, flag leaf width, spike weight, spike grain weight, 1000-grain weight and the contents of protein, fat and dietary fiber had large variation coefficient. Yield was extremely significantly and positively correlated with plant height, spike width, spike weight, spike grain weight and 1000-grain weight, significantly and positively correlated with flag leaf width and fat content, and significantly and negatively correlated with carbohydrate and starch content. These characters had a great impact on millet yield, and there were also significant or extremely significant correlations among the characters. Through comprehensive analysis of the agronomic and nutritional quality characters of the introduced millet varieties, the agronomic characters of ‘Jingu 21’ and ‘Jingu 59’ are prominent, and the yield and the content of main nutrients are higher than those of the control. The two varieties can adapt to the ecological environment of Zuotuan Township of Guangling County, and are feasible to be popularized locally.

Key words: millet, agronomic characters, nutrient quality characters, yield, correlation analysis

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