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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (31): 1-5.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1087

所属专题： 生物技术； 水稻

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

不同比例有机无机肥配施对水稻产量与氮素利用率的影响

许丹阳1(), 李虹颖1, 孙义祥1, 邬刚1, 王家宝1, 袁嫚嫚1, 王佩旋1, 张祥明1(), 束孝海2   

  1. 1养分循环与资源环境安徽省重点实验室/安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,合肥 230031
    2安徽省南陵县农业技术推广中心,安徽芜湖 238000
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-24 修回日期:2022-01-13 出版日期:2022-11-05 发布日期:2022-10-27
  • 通讯作者: 张祥明
  • 作者简介:许丹阳,女,1992年出生,安徽肥西人,研究实习员,硕士,研究方向：农业资源与环境。通信地址：230031 安徽省合肥市庐阳区农科南路40号,E-mail： 704748658@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省科技重大专项项目“中药渣与畜禽粪污肥料化集成技术研究与示范”(201903b06020006)

Combined Application of Different Proportions of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers: Effects on Rice Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

XU Danyang1(), LI Hongying1, SUN Yixiang1, WU Gang1, WANG Jiabao1, YUAN Manman1, WANG Peixuan1, ZHANG Xiangming1(), SHU Xiaohai2   

  1. 1Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resource and Environment/ Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031
    2Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Nanling County, Anhui Province, Wuhu, Anhui 238000
  • Received:2021-11-24 Revised:2022-01-13 Online:2022-11-05 Published:2022-10-27
  • Contact: ZHANG Xiangming

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摘要：

探讨中药渣有机肥氮替代化肥氮不同比例对水稻生长发育、水稻产量及氮肥利用的影响,以期为水稻提质增效和实现有机废弃物的资源化利用提供新思路。在总施氮量不变的情况下,以中药渣有机肥为供试材料,设置不施肥对照(CK)和有机肥氮替代化肥氮0%、25%、50%、75%、100% 6个处理,研究有机肥氮替代化肥氮不同比例对水稻产量和氮肥利用率的影响。试验结果表明,在等氮量下以合理比例有机肥氮替代化肥氮有利于提高结实率、增加有效穗数。25%有机肥替代化肥增产最高,比单施化肥增产9.06%。本试验条件下,回归计算有机肥氮部分替代化肥氮比例为35.3%,产量可达到9057 kg/hm2,有机氮替代比例能显著提高水稻的生长和氮肥利用率。在农业生产实际中,等氮量替代条件下有机肥施用比例25%~35%是较理想的施肥比例。

关键词: 有机无机肥比例, 氮肥利用率, 水稻, 产量

Abstract:

The study aims to explore the effects of different proportions of organic fertilizer nitrogen in traditional Chinese medicine residue replacing chemical fertilizer nitrogen on rice growth and development, yield and nitrogen utilization, and to provide new approaches for improving the quality and efficiency of rice production and realizing the resource utilization of organic waste. Under the same total nitrogen application amount, taking the organic fertilizer made by traditional Chinese medicine residues as the test material, six treatments were set: no fertilization (CK), organic fertilizer nitrogen replacing chemical fertilizer nitrogen by 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The effects of different proportions of organic fertilizer nitrogen replacing chemical fertilizer nitrogen on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency were studied. The results showed that under the same amount of nitrogen application, replacing chemical fertilizer nitrogen with a reasonable proportion of organic fertilizer nitrogen was beneficial to improving the seed setting rate, followed by increasing the number of effective panicles. The substitution of organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer by 25% achieved the highest yield increase, and the yield was 9.06% higher than that of single application of chemical fertilizer. Under this experimental condition, the proportion of partial substitution of organic fertilizer nitrogen for chemical fertilizer nitrogen was 35.3%, and the yield could reach 9057 kg/hm2. The proportion of organic fertilizer nitrogen substitution could significantly improve the growth and nitrogen use efficiency of rice. In agricultural production, 25%-35% of organic fertilizer is an ideal fertilization proportion under the condition of equal nitrogen substitution.

Key words: proportions of organic and inorganic fertilizers, nitrogen use efficiency, rice, yield

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