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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (32): 84-90.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0919

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

秸秆深埋条件下不同施氮水平对农田黑土磷酸酶活性的影响

吕雪梅1(), 许思思1, 王耀2,3, 陈一民2, 隋跃宇2, 焦晓光1()   

  1. 1 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院，哈尔滨 150080
    2 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所，哈尔滨 150081
    3 中国科学院大学，北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-02 修回日期:2023-01-11 出版日期:2023-11-15 发布日期:2023-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 焦晓光，女，1976年出生，黑龙江哈尔滨人，教授，博士，主要从事土壤生态学、植物营养学方面的研究。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号 黑龙江大学，Tel：0451-86609487，E-mail：2004086@hlju.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:

    吕雪梅，女，1998年出生，新疆轮台人，硕士，主要从事土壤生态方面的研究。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号 黑龙江大学，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“冻融作用下秸秆还田后氮转化对农田黑土氮库更新机制的研究”(42077081); 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项“土壤改良剂与新型肥料应用技术”(XDA28070304)

Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Levels on Phosphatase Activity in Farmland Black Soil under Condition of Deep Burial of Straw

LV Xuemei1(), XU Sisi1, WANG Yao2,3, CHEN Yimin2, SUI Yueyu2, JIAO Xiaoguang1()   

  1. 1 College of Modern Agriculture and Eco-environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
    2 Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081
    3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
  • Received:2022-11-02 Revised:2023-01-11 Published-:2023-11-15 Online:2023-11-10

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摘要：

秸秆还田是调控土壤肥力的重要农业措施，能够影响土壤酶活性。为探讨秸秆深埋对不同氮肥水平下土壤磷酸酶活性及土壤磷素的影响，本研究以农田黑土为研究对象，采用裂区试验设计，设置无秸秆、秸秆深埋为主因素，4个氮肥水平（纯N，0、135、180、225 kg/hm2）为副因素，测定了土壤磷酸酶活性及土壤全磷、有效磷含量。结果表明：（1）土壤磷酸酶活性随玉米生育期的延长呈先升高后降低趋势，在拔节期达到最高，收获期时降至最低。与无秸秆处理相比，秸秆深埋处理显著提高土壤磷酸酶的活性(P<0.05)，且磷酸酶的活性随施氮量的增加呈先增加后减小趋势，在施氮量为180 kg/hm2时磷酸酶活性最高，为344.66 mg/(g·24 h)；（2）与无秸秆处理相比，秸秆深埋处理增加全磷、有效磷的含量，但差异并不显著(P>0.05)。各处理中有效磷含量的变化趋势一致，随施氮量的增加呈先增加后减小趋势。在秸秆深埋处理下在施氮量为180 kg/hm2时有效磷的含量达到最高，为102.17 mg/kg。（3）相关性分析显示，土壤磷酸酶活性与土壤有效磷含量呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01)，与土壤全磷含量未达到差异显著水平(P>0.05)。综上，秸秆深埋在N180处理时土壤中的磷酸酶活性、有效磷含量最高。

关键词: 秸秆深埋, 氮肥水平, 农田黑土, 磷酸酶活性, 相关性

Abstract:

Straw return is an important agricultural measure to regulate soil fertility, which can affect soil enzyme activity. To investigate the effect of straw deep burial on soil phosphatase activity and soil phosphorus under different nitrogen fertilizer levels, this study used a split-zone experimental design with agricultural black soil as the research object. No straw and straw deep burial were set as the main factors, and four nitrogen fertilizer levels (pure N, 0, 135, 180, 225 kg/hm2) were used as secondary factors to determine phosphatase activity and soil total phosphorus and effective phosphorus contents. The results showed that (1) soil phosphatase activity increased and then decreased with the extension of maize growth period, reaching the highest level at the elongation stage and decreasing to the lowest level at the harvesting stage. Compared with the straw-free treatment, the straw deep burial treatment significantly increased the activity of soil phosphatase (P<0.05), and the phosphatase activity showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of nitrogen application, and the highest phosphatase activity was 344.66 mg/(g·24 h) at 180 kg/hm2 of nitrogen application; (2) compared with the straw-free treatment, the straw deep burial treatment increased the content of total phosphorus and effective phosphorus, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). The trend of effective phosphorus content in all treatments was the same, increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of N application. The highest content of effective phosphorus reached at 102.17 mg/kg under the straw deep burial treatment at 180 kg/hm2 of N application; (3) correlation analysis showed that soil phosphatase activity had a highly significant positive correlation with soil effective phosphorus content (P<0.01), and did not reach a significant level of difference with soil total phosphorus content (P>0.05). In conclusion, the phosphatase activity and effective phosphorus content of soil were highest when straw was buried deeply in N180 treatment.

Key words: deep burial of straw, nitrogen fertilizer level, black soil, soil phosphatase activity, correlation