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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (9): 55-59.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0374

所属专题： 生物技术

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同磷水平设施菜田上结球生菜的适宜施磷量推荐研究

刘瑜1(), 闫实1, 赵凯丽1, 于跃跃1, 韩宝2, 张静3, 郭宁1()   

  1. 1 北京市耕地建设保护中心，北京 100101
    2 房山区种植业技术推广站，北京 102401
    3 北京市顺义区农业科学研究所，北京 101399
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-10 修回日期:2023-07-09 出版日期:2024-03-25 发布日期:2024-03-22
  • 通讯作者:
    郭宁，男，1981年出生，山东东营人，正高级农艺师，硕士，主要从事土壤障碍改良与施肥技术推广工作。通信地址：100101 北京市朝阳区慧忠寺96号 北京市耕地建设保护中心，Tel：010-82078460，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘瑜，女，1985年出生，河北保定人，高级农艺师，硕士，主要从事土壤肥料研究与推广工作。通信地址：100101 北京市朝阳区慧忠寺96号 北京市耕地建设保护中心，Tel：010-82078460，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系北京市设施蔬菜创新团队(BAIC01-2022)

Recommendation of Appropriate Phosphorus Application Rate for Lettuce in Vegetable Fields with Different Phosphorus Levels

LIU Yu1(), YAN Shi1, ZHAO Kaili1, YU Yueyue1, HAN Bao2, ZHANG Jing3, GUO Ning1()   

  1. 1 Beijing Cultivated Land Construction and Protection Center, Beijing 100101
    2 Planting Technology Promotion Station of Fangshan District, Beijing 102401
    3 Shunyi District Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Beijing, Beijing 101399
  • Received:2023-05-10 Revised:2023-07-09 Published:2024-03-25 Online:2024-03-22

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摘要：

以结球生菜为试材，采用小区试验对比的方法，研究了高中低3种磷水平设施菜田上，不同施磷量对产量、品质、土壤有效磷含量和磷素农学效率的影响。结果表明：高磷菜田上，施磷量(P2O5)为36.54 kg/hm2时结球生菜产量最高；中磷菜田上施磷量(P2O5) 54.91 kg/hm2时结球生菜产量最高，硝酸盐含量较低，维生素C含量增加，土壤有效磷含量显著提高；低磷菜田上施磷量(P2O5) 91.35 kg/hm2时结球生菜产量最高，硝酸盐含量降低。土壤磷含量和施磷量增加，均会造成磷肥农学效率降低。因此，高磷菜田上不施磷肥或少施磷肥，中磷菜田配施中水平磷肥，低磷菜田配施高水平磷肥是提高结球生菜产量、品质和磷肥农学效率的有效措施。

关键词: 磷, 设施菜田, 结球生菜, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

In this study, lettuce was used as experimental material, the effects of different phosphorus application rates on yield, quality, soil available phosphorus content and agronomic efficiency of vegetable fields with high, middle and low phosphorus levels were studied by using the method of plot experiment. The results showed that the yield of lettuce of high phosphorus vegetable fields was the highest when the phosphorus application rate (P2O5) was 36.54 kg/hm2. When 54.91 kg/hm2 phosphorus (P2O5) was applied on medium phosphorus vegetable field, the yield of lettuce was the highest, the content of nitrate was lower, the content of vitamin C increased, and the content of soil available P was significantly increased. When 91.35 kg/hm2 phosphorus (P2O5) was applied on low phosphorus vegetable field, the yield of lettuce was the highest and the content of nitrate was decreased. The agronomic efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer decreased with the increase of soil phosphorus content and phosphorus application amount. Therefore, applying no phosphate fertilizer or little phosphate fertilizer on high phosphorus vegetable fields, combining medium phosphorus vegetable fields with medium phosphate fertilizer, and low phosphorus vegetable fields with high phosphate fertilizer were effective measures to improve the yield, quality and agronomic efficiency of nodular lettuce.

Key words: phosphorus, facilities for vegetable fields, lettuce, yield, quality