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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (14): 76-81.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0483

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

外源添加物对秸秆固态发酵的影响

刘乃嘉1(), 胡晓林1, 丁亚玲1, 萨如拉1,2(), 孙广涛1, 李智霖1   

  1. 1 内蒙古民族大学，内蒙古通辽 028000
    2 科尔沁沙地生态农业国家民委重点实验室，内蒙古通辽 028000
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-23 修回日期:2023-11-28 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2024-05-09
  • 通讯作者:
    萨如拉，女，1982年出生，内蒙古通辽人，副教授，博士，主要从事玉米高产栽培研究。通信地址：028000 内蒙古通辽市科尔沁区霍林河大街西536号 内蒙古民族大学农学院，Tel：0475-8314829，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘乃嘉，女，2000年出生，内蒙古通辽人，硕士研究生，研究方向：作物学。通信地址：028000 内蒙古通辽市科尔沁区霍林河大街西536号，Tel：0475-8314829，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    中央引导地方科技发展资金项目“轻度盐碱地玉米大豆复合种植产量效率与地力协同提升生理生态机制”(2022ZY0032); 科尔沁沙地生态农业国家民委重点实验室开放基金项目“玉米大豆轮作增产增效生理生态机制研究”(MDK2022025); 国家自然科学基金资助项目“低温秸秆降解复合菌系作用机制与途径研究”(31960383)

Effect of Exogenous Additives on Solid State Fermentation of Straw

LIU Naijia1(), HU Xiaolin1, DING Yaling1, SA Rula1,2(), SUN Guangtao1, LI Zhilin1   

  1. 1 Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000
    2 State Key Laboratory of Eco-agriculture of Horqin Sandy Land, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000
  • Received:2023-06-23 Revised:2023-11-28 Published:2024-05-15 Online:2024-05-09

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摘要：

为提升秸秆降解菌系发酵秸秆效果，以前期筛选的秸秆降解菌系8号和生产中主推的秸秆腐熟剂A为试材，接种在埋入成熟期玉米秸秆的土壤，并添加尿素、生物炭、PEG6000，与不接种菌剂和外源添加物埋有成熟期玉米秸秆的土壤为对照20℃进行固态发酵；通过测定秸秆发酵产物特性指标，筛选出对秸秆降解效果较好的发酵液；发酵液水培玉米，测定玉米幼苗农艺性状及生理指标；研究外源添加物对秸秆固态发酵的影响。结果表明：8号+生物炭、8号菌系+尿素和A菌系+PEG6000极显著提高秸秆发酵体系脲酶活性，8号+生物炭、8号菌系+尿素处理分别显著提高速效磷和碱解氮含量，8号+生物炭、8号菌系+尿素处理显著增加玉米幼苗株高、根长和地上部鲜重，两种菌系加外源添加物显著增强根系抗氧化活性。秸秆降解菌系8号添加生物炭和尿素，秸秆腐熟剂A添加PEG6000均能改善发酵体系性能。

关键词: 秸秆, 秸秆降解菌系, 固态发酵, 外源添加物, 玉米幼苗

Abstract:

To improve the fermentation effect of straw degradation bacteria, the straw degradation strain No.8 screened in the earlier stage and the straw ripening agent A, the main product in production, were used as test materials to inoculate the soil buried with mature corn straw, and urea, biochar and PEG6000 were added. The solid fermentation was carried out at 20℃ compared with the soil buried with mature corn straw without inoculum and exogenous additives. By measuring the characteristic indicators of straw fermentation products, the fermentation broth with better degradation effect on straw was selected. Fermented liquid was used for hydroponic cultivation of corn, the agricultural traits and physiological indicators of corn seedlings were measured, and the effect of exogenous additives on solid-state fermentation of straw was studied. The results showed that No.8 + biochar, No.8 strain + urea and A strain + PEG6000 significantly increased the urease activity of the straw fermentation system. The treatment of No.8 + biochar and No.8 strain + urea significantly increased the content of available phosphorus and alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, respectively. The addition of biochar and urea to the straw degrading strain No.8, and the addition of PEG6000 to the straw ripening agent A can improve the performance of the fermentation system.

Key words: straw, straw degrading bacteria, solid state fermentation, exogenous additives, maize seedlings