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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (16): 36-42.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0475

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

硒对硼毒害下萝卜幼苗生理特性的影响

袁伟玲1(), 陈卫芳1, 刘志雄1, 陈磊夫1(), 吴润2()   

  1. 1 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所/蔬菜种质创新与遗传改良湖北省重点实验室，武汉 430064
    2 湖北省耕地质量与肥料工作总站，武汉 430070
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-29 修回日期:2024-01-11 出版日期:2024-06-05 发布日期:2024-05-30
  • 通讯作者:
    陈磊夫，男，1981年出生，湖北黄石人，副研究员，博士，主要从事蔬菜营养方面的研究。通信地址：430064 武汉市洪山区南湖大道43号 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所，Tel：027-87389436，E-mail：。
    吴润，女，1975年出生，湖北京山人，高级农艺师，学士，主要从事蔬菜肥料方面的研究。通信地址：430070 湖北省武汉市洪山区珞狮路362，Tel：027-87396623，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    袁伟玲，女，1977年出生，湖北随州人，研究员，博士，主要从事萝卜营养与品质方面的研究。通信地址：430064 武汉市洪山区南湖大道43号 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所，Tel：027-87389436，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    湖北省科技创新专项重大项目“蔬菜新品种选育及健康栽培技术研究与示范”(2019-620-000-001-07); 湖北省农业科技创新中心创新团队(2021-620-000-001-01); 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-25-G-29)

Effect of Selenium on Physiological Characteristics of Radish Seedlings Under Boron Toxicity

YUAN Weiling1(), CHEN Weifang1, LIU Zhixiong1, CHEN Leifu1(), WU Run2()   

  1. 1 Institute of Economic Crop, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064
    2 Hubei Provincial General Station of Cultivated Land Quality and Fertilizer, Wuhan 430070
  • Received:2023-06-29 Revised:2024-01-11 Published:2024-06-05 Online:2024-05-30

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摘要：

在明确不同浓度硒和硼对萝卜幼苗生长影响的基础上，进一步探索硒对硼毒害下萝卜幼苗生物量及活性氧代谢的影响，旨在为减轻萝卜幼苗硼毒害提供技术支撑。以‘雪单1号’萝卜为试验材料，采用盆栽试验，设置5个硒浓度(0、2.5、5、7.5、10 μmol/L)和5个硼浓度(0、125、250、500、750 μmol/L)，研究叶面喷施不同浓度的硒和硼对萝卜幼苗生长的影响；在此基础上，选取2个硼处理(250、500 μmol/L)，通过叶面喷施清水和适量硒(5 μmol/L)，研究适量硒对硼毒害下萝卜幼苗生理特性的影响。结果表明，萝卜幼苗鲜重随叶面喷施硒和硼浓度的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势，萝卜幼苗适宜的硒喷施浓度为5 μmol/L、叶面喷施硼浓度为500 μmol/L时，萝卜幼苗出现中毒症状；与正常施硼(250 μmol/L)相比，硼毒害(500 μmol/L)显著降低了萝卜幼苗干物质重，增加了硼含量和硼累积量，降低萝卜幼苗过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量，增加过氧化氢(H2O2)和丙二醛(MDA)含量。叶面喷施适量硒(5 μmol/L)，与无硒处理相比，硼毒害处理萝卜幼苗硼含量、硼累积量分别降低40.06%、37.36%，幼苗POD、CAT、APX抗氧化酶活性分别增加14.82%、17.45%、18.05%，非酶抗氧化物GSH、抗坏血酸(ASA)含量分别增加13.89%、5.88%，H2O2、MDA含量分别降低28.43%、20.45%。适量硒可以提高萝卜幼苗抗氧化作用，降低活性氧累积，减轻过量硼对萝卜幼苗产生的毒害，扩大植株对硼的适应范围。

关键词: 萝卜, 硒, 硼毒害, 抗氧化酶活性, 非酶抗氧化物含量

Abstract:

This paper aims to investigate the effects of different concentrations of selenium and boron on the growth of radish seedlings, further explore the effects of selenium on the biomass and reactive oxygen species metabolism of radish seedlings under boron toxicity, providing technical support for reducing boron toxicity in radish seedlings. Using radish seedlings (Raphanus sativus ‘Xuedan No.1’) as the test material, a pot experiment was conducted with 5 boron concentrations (0, 125, 250, 500, 750 μmol/L) and 5 selenium concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 μmol/L), to study the effects of foliar spraying of different concentrations of selenium and boron on the growth of radish seedlings. Furtherly, 2 boron treatments (250 and 500 μmol/L) were sprayed with Se (0, 5 μmol/L) to study the effect of moderate selenium on physiological characteristics of radish seedlings under boron toxicity. The fresh weight of radish seedlings showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of selenium and boron concentrations sprayed on the leaves. When selenium spraying concentration for radish seedlings was 5 μmol/L, foliar boron spraying concentration was 500 μmol/L, radish seedlings showed symptoms of poisoning. Compared with normal boron application (250 μmol/L), boron toxicity (500 μmol/L) significantly reduced the dry matter weight of radish seedlings, increased the boron content and boron accumulation, decreased the contents of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione (GSH) in leaves of radish seedlings, and increased the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Spraying proper amount of selenium (5 μmol/L), compared with selenium free treatment, the boron content and boron accumulation of radish seedlings under boron toxicity treatment decreased by 40.06% and 37.36% respectively, the activities of POD, CAT, APX antioxidant enzymes in the leaves of seedlings increased by 14.82% and 17.45% respectively, the contents of non enzymatic antioxidants GSH and ascorbic acid (ASA) increased by 13.89% and 5.88% respectively, and the contents of H2O2 and MDA decreased by 28.43% and 20.45% respectively. The proper selenium can improve the antioxidant effect of radish seedlings, reduce the accumulation of active oxygen, reduce the toxicity of boron toxicity on radish seedlings, and improve the adaptation range of plants to boron.

Key words: radish, selenium, boron toxicity, antioxidant enzyme activity, non enzymatic antioxidant content