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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (16): 26-35.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0458

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

减氮配施微生物菌剂对烤烟干物质和氮磷钾养分积累的影响

张阳1(), 夏冰2, 蔡奇1, 谢会雅1, 陈舜尧1, 何伟1, 黄琼慧2, 王新月2, 全柯颖2, 邓小华2()   

  1. 1 湖南省烟草公司株洲市公司,湖南株洲 412400
    2 湖南农业大学农学院,长沙 410128
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-21 修回日期:2023-12-27 出版日期:2024-05-30 发布日期:2024-05-30
  • 通讯作者:
    邓小华,男,1965年出生,湖南永州人,教授,博士,主要从事烟草科学与工程技术研究。通信地址:410128 长沙市芙蓉区农大路1号 湖南农业大学农学院,Tel:0731-84635307,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    张阳,男,1988年出生,湖南永州人,农艺师,博士,主要从事烟叶生产与管理研究。通信地址:412400 湖南省株洲市芦淞区太子路 湖南省烟草公司株洲市公司,Tel:0731-28223986,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    湖南省烟草公司株洲市公司科技项目“稻茬烤烟促早生快发关键技术研究与应用”(20-001); 湖南省烟草专卖局科技项目“稻茬烤烟化肥减施增效技术模式构建与应用”(19-22Aa03)

Effects of Nitrogen-reduction and Microbial Agents on Dry Matter, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Accumulation of Tobacco

ZHANG Yang1(), XIA Bing2, CAI Qi1, XIE Huiya1, CHEN Shunyao1, HE Wei1, HUANG Qionghui2, WANG Xinyue2, QUAN Keying2, DENG Xiaohua2()   

  1. 1 Hunan Zhuzhou Municipal Tobacco Company, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412400
    2 College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128
  • Received:2023-06-21 Revised:2023-12-27 Published:2024-05-30 Online:2024-05-30

摘要:

为明确减氮配施微生物菌剂对烤烟干物质和氮磷钾养分的调控效应,以‘云烟87’为例,设计施肥模式、微生物菌剂的双因素试验,比较不同处理的烤烟干物质积累与分配、氮磷钾养分积累与分配及肥料利用效率差异,采用η2值分析施肥模式、微生物菌剂及其互作对烤烟干物质和氮磷钾养分积累及肥料利用效率的贡献率。结果表明,减氮配施微生物菌剂可提高烤烟干物质和氮、磷、钾养分积累量,提高氮、磷、钾肥干物质积累效率、利用效率和吸收效率,提高氮肥烟叶生产效率。施肥模式、微生物菌剂及其互作对干物质积累贡献率分别为41.90%、29.34%、28.76%,对氮积累贡献率分别为41.98%、27.49%、30.53%,对磷积累贡献率分别为34.63%、34.47%、30.90%,对钾积累贡献率分别为24.17%、32.95%、42.87%。南方多雨烟区,采用减少基肥比例和基肥穴施的减氮施肥模式,并配施微生物菌剂,可提高烟叶干物质和养分积累及提高肥料利用效率,有利于促进稻茬烤烟早生快发。

关键词: 减氮施肥, 微生物菌剂, 烤烟, 干物质积累, 养分积累, 肥料利用效率

Abstract:

In order to clarify the regulatory effects of nitrogen reduction combined with microbial agents on dry matter and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients in flue-cured tobacco, a two-factor experiment was designed using ‘Yunyan 87’ as an example to compare the differences in dry matter accumulation and distribution, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient accumulation and distribution, and fertilizer utilization efficiency among different treatments of flue-cured tobacco. The contribution rates of fertilization patterns, microbial agents, and their interactions to the accumulation of dry matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients, and fertilizer utilization efficiency in flue-cured tobacco were analyzed using η2 method. The results showed that nitrogen reduction combined with microbial agents could increase the accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients in flue-cured tobacco, improve accumulation efficiency, utilization efficiency, and absorption efficiency, and improve the production efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer tobacco. The contribution rates of fertilization modes, microbial agents, and their interactions to dry matter accumulation were 41.90%, 29.34%, and 28.76%; the contribution rates to nitrogen accumulation were 41.98%, 27.49%, and 30.53%; the contribution rates to phosphorus accumulation were 34.63%, 34.47% and 30.90%, respectively; and the contribution rates to potassium accumulation were 24.17%, 32.95%, and 42.87%. In the southern rainy tobacco region, adopting a nitrogen reduction fertilization model of reducing the proportion of base fertilizer and applying base fertilizer in holes, coupled with applying microbial agents, can improve the accumulation of dry matter and nutrients in tobacco leaves and improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, which is conducive to promoting the early growth and rapid development of flue-cured tobacco in rice stubble.

Key words: nitrogen reduction fertilization, microbial agents, flue-cured tobacco, dry matter accumulation, nutrient accumulation, fertilizer utilization efficiency