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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 1-8.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0308

所属专题: 水稻

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

华南地区早晚兼用型水稻产量和氮素吸收在早、晚季的差异特征

邹积祥(), 杨陶陶, 伍龙梅, 包晓哲, 张彬()   

  1. 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所/广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室/广东省水稻工程实验室/农业农村部华南优质稻遗传育种实验室(部省共建),广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-27 修回日期:2023-07-15 出版日期:2024-04-25 发布日期:2024-04-22
  • 通讯作者:
    张彬,男,1979年出生,贵州都匀人,副研究员,博士,主要从事水稻优质丰产栽培技术研究。通信地址:510640 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所,Tel:020-87596291,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    邹积祥,男,1981年出生,山东文登人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事水稻优质丰产栽培技术研究。通信地址:510640 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所,Tel:020-87596291,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    广东省农业科学院水稻研究所“优谷计划”(2021YG08); 机插水稻高产减氮关键技术研究(2017A020208032); 广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室(2020B1212060047)

Early-late Season Double-cropping Rice Cultivars: Differences of Yield and Nitrogen Uptake in Early and Late Seasons in South China

ZOU Jixiang(), YANG Taotao, WU Longmei, BAO Xiaozhe, ZHANG Bin()   

  1. Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding/Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640
  • Received:2023-04-27 Revised:2023-07-15 Published:2024-04-25 Online:2024-04-22

摘要:

为明确华南双季稻区早晚兼用型水稻产量和氮素吸收在早、晚季的差异特征,以6个早晚兼用型水稻品种为试验材料,按当地高产栽培条件在早、晚季种植,测定其产量、产量构成、干物质积累和氮素吸收等。结果表明,早晚兼用型水稻在早、晚季种植时产量分别为6.68~7.91 t/hm2和5.72~6.11 t/hm2;早季产量显著高于晚季,平均增幅为1.53 t/hm2。相关分析表明,较高的早季产量与其有效穗数和粒重的提高有关。早、晚季干物质积累量和氮素吸收差异显著;相对于晚季,早季成熟期干物质积累量和氮素吸收平均提高25.0%和29.5%。另外,早、晚季产量与其干物质积累量和氮素吸收显著正相关。早晚兼用型水稻在早季种植时具有较高的产量、物质生产和氮素吸收能力。研究结果可为华南地区早晚兼用型水稻的丰产栽培提供理论依据。

关键词: 早晚兼用型水稻, ‘丝苗米’, 产量, 干物质积累, 氮素吸收

Abstract:

In order to clarify the differences in the yield and nitrogen uptake of early-late season double-cropping rice between early and late seasons in South China, six early-late season double-cropping rice cultivars were planted in early and late seasons according to local high-yield cultivation measures to determine the yield, yield components, dry matter accumulation, nitrogen uptake, etc. The yield of early-late season double-cropping rice were 6.68-7.91 t/hm2 and 5.72-6.11 t/hm2 planted in early and late season, respectively. The yield in early season was significantly higher than that in late season, with an average increase of 1.53 t/hm2. Correlation analysis showed that the higher grain yield in early season was related to the increase in the panicle number and grain weight. There were significant differences in dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake between early and late seasons. The dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake in early season was increased by 25.0% and 29.5%, respectively, compared to those in late season. In addition, the grain yield of early-late season double-cropping rice were significantly positively correlated with the dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake. Early-late season double-cropping rice had higher grain yield, dry matter production and nitrogen uptake capacity when planted in early season. These results provide a theoretical basis for the high-yield cultivation of early-late season double-cropping rice in South China.

Key words: early-late season double-cropping rice, ‘Simiao rice’, yield, dry matter accumulation, nitrogen uptake