欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (25): 1-5.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0131

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

腐熟鸡粪替代氮肥对水稻产量、氮肥利用率和土壤理化性质的影响

荀贤玉1(), 夏阳洋1, 钟月华2, 孟爱红1, 何玲玲1, 张军强3, 马洪波2, 王晓云4()   

  1. 1 东台市耕地质量保护站，江苏东台 224051
    2 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所，南京 210014
    3 恩施土家族苗族自治州农业农村局，湖北恩施 445000
    4 兴化市现代农业发展服务中心，江苏兴化 225775
  • 收稿日期:2024-02-20 修回日期:2024-06-24 出版日期:2024-09-05 发布日期:2024-08-27
  • 通讯作者:
    王晓云，男，1978年出生，江苏兴化人，农艺师，本科，主要从事耕地质量与农业环境保护技术推广工作。通信地址：225700 江苏省兴化市红星中路28号，Tel：0523-83103168，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    荀贤玉，男，1977年出生，江苏东台人，农业技术推广研究员，本科，主要从事耕地质量保护与科学施肥技术推广工作。通信地址：224200 江苏省东台市广场路6号，Tel：0515-68961402，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    江苏省农业科技自主创新资金“秸秆还田下水稻一次性施肥关键技术及产品创制”(CX(22)3122); 江苏省农业科技自主创新资金“江苏典型中低产田障碍因子消解及肥力定向提升关键技术研究”(SCX(21)1067)

Effect of Decomposed Chicken Manure Replacing Nitrogen Fertilizer on Rice Yield, Nitrogen Utilization Rate and Soil Physicochemical Properties

XUN Xianyu1(), XIA Yangyang1, ZHONG Yuehua2, MENG Aihong1, HE Lingling1, ZHANG Junqiang3, MA Hongbo2, WANG Xiaoyun4()   

  1. 1 Dongtai Cultivated Land and Quality Conservation Station, Dongtai, Jiangsu 224051
    2 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014
    3 Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, Hubei 445000
    4 Xinghua Modern Agricultural Technology Service Center, Xinghua, Jiangsu 225775
  • Received:2024-02-20 Revised:2024-06-24 Published:2024-09-05 Online:2024-08-27

RichHTML

4

PDF (PC)

54

摘要：

针对东台缠脚土土壤结构较为紧实的特点，研究施用腐熟鸡粪对水稻产量、品质和土壤理化性质的影响。2022年在江苏省东台市五烈镇现代农业示范园内试验点开展试验，以当地主栽品种‘南粳9108’为供试水稻，在潴育型水稻土缠脚土上种植，依据等氮替代原则，设置不施肥处理、常规处理、鸡粪替代氮肥10%、鸡粪替代氮肥20%、鸡粪替代氮肥30%、鸡粪替代氮肥40%、鸡粪替代氮肥50% 7个处理。结果表明，与常规施肥相比，鸡粪替代氮肥有效增加了土壤全氮和有机质含量，且随着替代比例的增加而增加，增加幅度分别为0.86%~3.45%和0.57%~9.53%，容重随着替代比例的增加而降低，降低了0.73%~4.41%，有效改善了土壤肥力和结构，进而增加了水稻产量、提升了稻米品质，其中鸡粪替代氮肥20%处理显著增加了水稻产量，增产19.44%(P<0.05)，氮肥利用率显著提高16.58%(P<0.05)。综合比较，鸡粪替代氮肥20%的水稻经济效益最高，既提高了水稻的产量和品质，又改善了土壤结构，是较优的鸡粪替代氮肥比例。

关键词: 水稻, 缠脚土, 腐熟鸡粪, 替代氮肥, 产量, 品质, 氮肥利用率

Abstract:

The effects of decomposed chicken manure on the yield and quality of rice and soil physicochemical properties were studied for the poor soil structure of the foot-entangled soil in Dongtai. According to the principle of equal nitrogen substitution, seven treatments were set up, including no fertilization treatment, conventional treatment, and chicken manure replacing nitrogen fertilizer by 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, respectively. The results showed that compared with conventional treatment, chicken manure replacing nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased soil total nitrogen (0.86%-3.45%) and organic matter content (0.57%-9.53%), but decreased bulk density (0.73%-4.41%). Chicken manure replacing nitrogen fertilizer improved the yield and quality of rice, of which 20% nitrogen fertilizer substitution significantly increased rice yield by 19.44% (P<0.05) and the nitrogen utilization rate by 16.58% (P<0.05). Based on the economic benefits, chicken manure replacing 20% nitrogen fertilizer had the highest economic benefits, increasing rice yield and quality and improving soil structure. It is a relatively optimal proportion of chicken manure replacing nitrogen fertilizer and is worth promoting and applying.

Key words: rice, foot entangled soil, decomposed chicken manure, replacing nitrogen fertilizer, yield, quality, nitrogen utilization rate