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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (27): 83-89.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0023

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

干湿交替对植烟土壤钾素有效形态变化的影响

梁辉1(), 陈韵松2, 李杰2, 陈玉蓝1, 黄容2, 王昌全2, 李冰2()   

  1. 1 四川省烟草公司凉山州公司，四川西昌 615050
    2 四川农业大学资源学院，成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-02 修回日期:2024-04-22 出版日期:2024-09-25 发布日期:2024-09-24
  • 通讯作者:
    李冰，男，1976年出生，四川巴中人，教授，博士，主要从事土壤元素迁移转化与生物有效性研究。通信地址：611130 四川省成都市温江区惠民路211号 四川农业大学资源学院，Tel：028-86290921，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    梁辉，男，1983年出生，四川盐亭人，硕士，主要从事烟叶生产经营管理工作。通信地址：615050 四川省西昌市三岔口东路432号 四川省烟草公司凉山州公司，Tel：0834-6120136，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    四川省烟草公司重点科技项目“烟草钾素利用率提升关键技术及新型钾肥创制”(SCYC202105); 四川省烟草公司重点科技项目“四川烟区植烟土壤性状长期定点监测技术优化和数据库构建与应用”(SCYC202206)

Effect of Dry and Wet Alternation on Change of Potassium Effective Form in Tobacco-planting Soil

LIANG Hui1(), CHEN Yunsong2, LI Jie2, CHEN Yulan1, HUANG Rong2, WANG Changquan2, LI Bing2()   

  1. 1 Liangshan Prefecture Company of Sichuan Tobacco Company, Xichang, Sichuan 615050
    2 College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130
  • Received:2024-01-02 Revised:2024-04-22 Published:2024-09-25 Online:2024-09-24

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摘要：

研究旨在探究水分条件变化对植烟土壤中钾素有效形态的影响，以期为准确评估植烟土壤的钾素供应状况及合理施用钾肥提供科学依据。选取位于湿润季风气候区的会东和高原季风气候区的德昌两个生态区的主要植烟土壤类型（紫色土、红壤），进行分层土壤样品采集 (0~20、20~40、40~60 cm)。通过室内培养设置不同水分条件（恒湿、干湿交替、湿润），研究干湿交替对土壤速效钾、有效性钾和缓效钾含量变化的影响。结果表明：恒湿、干湿交替和湿润处理增加会东地区紫色土、会东地区红壤和德昌地区红壤各土层速效钾含量，增加值最大达85.96 mg/kg，降低了德昌地区紫色土速效钾含量。土壤缓效钾含量与速效钾含量变化趋势相反。会东地区紫色土和红壤的有效性钾含量随培养时间增加而增大，德昌地区紫色土和红壤有效性钾含量变化则相反。水分条件和黏土矿物类型可能是影响德昌紫色土、红壤的钾素有效形态变化的重要因素；在烤烟生产中，尤其需注重雨季期间对德昌地区紫色土供应适量钾肥。

关键词: 干湿交替, 植烟土壤, 紫色土, 红壤, 钾素有效性, 钾素有效形态, 水分条件, 恒湿, 速效钾, 有效性钾, 缓效钾

Abstract:

The aims were to study the effects of water conditions on the potassium availability, to clarify the response of soil potassium available to dry or wet alternation and provide scientific basis for accurate understanding of the potassium supply in tobacco planting soil and rational application of potassium fertilizer. Two ecological regions, Huidong (humid monsoon climate zone) and Dechang (plateau monsoon climate zone), were selected as the main types of tobacco soil (purple soil and red soil). Soil samples were collected in different layers (0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm), and different moisture conditions (constant humidity, alternating dry and wet, wet) were set up in culture experiment. The effects of dry and wet alternation on the content of available potassium, effective potassium and slowly available potassium in soil were studied. The results showed that constant water, dry and wet alternation, and wet treatments increased the available potassium content in each soil layer of purple soil (Huidong county) and red soil (Huidong county, Dechang county), with the maximum increase value of 85.96 mg/kg, and decreased the available potassium content of purple soil in Dechang county. Soil slow available potassium content showed an opposite trend to that in available potassium content. The effective potassium content of purple soil and red soil in Huidong area increased with the culture time along, but the change of effective potassium content in purple soil and red soil in Dechang area was opposite. Water condition and clay mineral type might be the important factors affecting the change of potassium available form in Dechang purple soil and red soil. In the production of flue-cured tobacco, it was necessary to pay attention to the supply of appropriate potassium fertilizer to purple soil in Dechang area especially in rainy season.

Key words: wet-dry alternation, soil for tobacco cultivation, purple soil, red soil, potassium availability, available forms of potassium, moisture conditions, constant moisture, readily available potassium, plant-available potassium, slow-release potassium