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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (36): 31-36.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0252

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

播期、密度和施肥量对烟后鲜食蚕豆产量及主要性状的影响

李艳兰1(), 龙水英2, 胡新洲1, 李晓亮1, 李成春2, 李毅华2, 张玉荣1, 高玉玺2, 业荣2, 李祥1, 刘坚坚1, 杨进成1()   

  1. 1 玉溪市农业科学院，云南玉溪 653100
    2 澄江市种植业综合服务管理中心，云南澄江 652500
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-17 修回日期:2024-08-10 出版日期:2024-12-23 发布日期:2024-12-23
  • 通讯作者:
    杨进成，男，1967年出生，云南澄江人，研究员，硕士，主要从事农作物育种及栽培技术应用研究。通信地址：653100 云南省玉溪市红塔大道18号，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    李艳兰，女，1976年出生，云南红塔区人，高级农艺师，学士，主要从事农作物育种及栽培技术应用研究。通信地址：653100 云南省玉溪市红塔大道18号，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    云南省创新引导与科技型企业培育计划项目“澄江市食用豆产业科技特派团项目”(202204BI090051)

Effects of Sowing Date, Density and Fertilizer Amount on Yield and Main Characters of Fresh Broad Bean After Tobacco

LI Yanlan1(), LONG Shuiying2, HU Xinzhou1, LI Xiaoliang1, LI Chengchun2, LI Yihua2, ZHANG Yurong1, GAO Yuxi2, YE Rong2, LI Xiang1, LIU Jianjian1, YANG Jincheng1()   

  1. 1 Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100
    2 Chengjiang Integrated Planting Management Service Center, Chengjiang, Yunnan 652500
  • Received:2024-04-17 Revised:2024-08-10 Published:2024-12-23 Online:2024-12-23

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摘要：

为研究烟后免耕套种鲜食蚕豆的高效种植技术，以‘玉豆3号’作为供试品种，采用三因素三水平正交试验设计，研究播期、密度和施肥量对烟后鲜食蚕豆产量的影响，以及主要性状与产量的相关性分析。结果表明，随播期的推后，全生育期、初荚和始采鲜荚天数呈逐渐增加趋势；鲜荚产量随播期推后和密度增加呈先增加而后又下降的变化趋势，随施肥量的增加呈增加变化趋势。烟后鲜食蚕豆种植可通过提高株高、单株荚数、单荚粒数、百荚鲜重和百粒鲜重等性状来增加鲜荚产量，但要适当控制群体生物量。3个因素对产量的影响顺序为：播期>密度>施肥量。研究发现，在本试验条件下烟后免耕套种鲜食蚕豆选择9月10日播种、9.0万株/hm2的种植密度、播种时施复合肥(16-16-16)150 kg/hm2作种肥的栽培技术可获得最高的鲜荚产量。研究旨在为澄江市烟后鲜食蚕豆种植提供最优栽培技术，为大面积推广应用提供理论依据。

关键词: 播期, 密度, 施肥量, 鲜食蚕豆, 产量

Abstract:

In order to study the efficient planting technology of no-tillage interplanting fresh broad bean after tobacco, using the orthogonal test design of three factors and three levels, the effects of sowing date, density and fertilization on the yield of fresh broad bean after tobacco were studied, and the correlation analysis of main traits and yield were also analyzed. The results showed that the whole growth period, the first flowering, the first podding and the first picking of fresh pods gradually increased with the postponement of sowing date; the yield of fresh pod increased first and then decreased with the postponement of sowing date and increase of density, and increased with the increase of fertilizer application. The fresh pod yield can be increased by increasing plant height, pod number per plant, pod number per pod, fresh weight per 100 pods and fresh weight per 100 seeds, but appropriate control of population biomass is necessary. The three factors affected the yield in the following order: sowing date > density > fertilizer amount. Under the conditions of this experiment, fresh broad beans planted after tobacco were sown on September 10, with a planting density of 90000 plants/hm2 and 150 kg/hm2 of compound fertilizer (16-16-16) applied at the time of sowing, the highest fresh pod yield could be obtained.

Key words: sowing date, density, fertilizer amount, fresh broad beans, yield