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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 23-27.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0428

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

种植密度对籽粒机收玉米‘鲁单608’生长发育和产量的影响

刘春晓(), 汪黎明, 董瑞(), 刘铁山()   

  1. 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所/小麦玉米国家工程实验室/农业部黄淮海北部玉米生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,济南 250100
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-28 修回日期:2024-10-14 出版日期:2025-01-13 发布日期:2025-01-13
  • 通讯作者:
    董瑞,男,1979年出生,新疆人,助理研究员,主要从事玉米遗传育种工作。通信地址:250100 山东省济南市历城区工业北路202号 山东省农业科学院,Tel:0531-66658584,E-mail:
    刘铁山,男,1974年出生,山东菏泽人,研究员,主要从事玉米遗传育种工作。通信地址:250100 山东省济南市历城区工业北路202号 山东省农业科学院,Tel:0531-66658584,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    刘春晓,女,1980年出生,山东新泰人,副研究员,主要从事玉米遗传育种工作。通信地址:250100 山东省济南市历城区工业北路202号 山东省农业科学院,Tel:0531-66658584,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目“籽粒机收玉米新品种‘鲁单608’全程机械化生产技术集成与示范”(YDZX2022095); 山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)“高产多抗优质适宜机械化玉米新品种选育及其产业化”(2121LZGC014)

Effects of Planting Density on Growth and Yield of Machine Harvested Maize Variety ‘Ludan 608’

LIU Chunxiao(), WANG Liming, DONG Rui(), LIU Tieshan()   

  1. Maize Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize/ Key Laboratory of Corn Biology and Genetic Breeding in the Northern Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100
  • Received:2024-06-28 Revised:2024-10-14 Published:2025-01-13 Online:2025-01-13

摘要:

为了分析不同密度处理下籽粒机收玉米的农艺性状和产量及产量构成指标,本研究以籽粒机收玉米新品种‘鲁单608’为供试材料,设置6万株/hm2(D1)、6.9万株/hm2(D2)、7.5万株/hm2(D3)、8.25万株/hm2(D4)、9万株/hm2(D5)5个种植密度对其农艺性状和产量进行分析。研究结果显示,随着种植密度的提高,株高、穗位高、倒伏率和空秆率都有所增加,而双穗率则有所下降。玉米产量在8.25万株/hm2密度处理下最高,达到11231.31 kg/hm2。随种植密度的增加,LAI逐渐增加。干物质积累在个体和群体层次上均呈现“慢-快-慢”的“S”型增长曲线,单株干物质积累量随种植密度的增加而降低,群体干物质产量在D1~D4的密度范围内,随种植密度增加而增加,当种植密度超过D4时,群体干物质积累量开始降低。

关键词: 玉米, ‘鲁单608’, 籽粒机收, 种植密度, 农艺性状, 产量, 叶面积指数, 干物质积累

Abstract:

In order to analyze the agronomic traits, yield and yield composition of machine-harvested maize under different density treatments, machine-harvested maize ‘Ludan 608’ was used as the material. Five planting densities of 60000 plants /hm2 (D1), 69000 plants /hm2 (D2), 75000 plants /hm2 (D3), 82500 plants /hm2 (D4) and 90000 plants /hm2 (D5) were set to analyze their agronomic traits and yield. The results showed that plant height, ear height, lodging rate and bare plant rate increased with the increase of planting density, while double ear rate decreased. The highest maize yield was 11231.31 kg/hm2 with the planting density of 82500 plants /hm2. The LAI increased with the increase in planting density. The accumulation of dry matter in maize at both individual and population levels showed an ‘S-shaped’ growth curve of ‘slow-fast-slow’. The dry matter amount of single plant decreased with the increase in planting density. In the range of D1-D4, dry matter amount of population increased with the increase of planting density. And it began to decrease when planting density was more than D4.

Key words: maize, ‘Ludan 608’, machine-harvested grain, planting density, agronomic traits, yield, LAI, dry matter accumulation