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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (9): 117-126.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0614

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于Meta分析的长期施肥对中国农田土壤团聚体稳定性的影响

汤营营(), 唐贤, 赵建荣()   

  1. 安徽科技学院资源与环境学院，安徽滁州 233100
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-20 修回日期:2025-02-19 出版日期:2025-03-25 发布日期:2025-03-25
  • 通讯作者:
    赵建荣，男，1979年出生，山西太原人，副教授，硕士，研究方向：农业废弃物资源化利用。通信地址：233100 安徽滁州凤阳东华路9号 安徽科技学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    汤营营，女，1999年出生，安徽蚌埠人，硕士研究生，研究方向：土壤结构改良、耕地质量提升。通信地址：233100 安徽滁州凤阳东华路9号 安徽科技学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    安徽省教育厅重点项目“长期不同施肥对皖北砂姜黑土团聚体结构的影响机制研究”(2024AH050335); 安徽省教育厅重点项目“微生物靶向调控土传病害的新型功能性生物有机肥研发与应用示范”(2022AH051619); 安徽省博士后科学研究项目“施用有机肥对蓝莓土壤结构及蓝莓生长的影响”(2023B699); 安徽科技学院引进人才项目“长期施肥对皖北砂姜黑土结构的影响机制”(ZHYJ202203); 凤阳县科技计划项目“土肥管理对蓝莓产量和品质的影响机制研究”(2023TPY06)

Impact of Long-term Fertilization Based on Meta-analysis on Stability of Soil Aggregates in Chinese Farmland

TANG Yingying(), TANG Xian, ZHAO Jianrong()   

  1. School of Resources and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Chuzhou, Anhui 233100
  • Received:2024-09-20 Revised:2025-02-19 Published:2025-03-25 Online:2025-03-25

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摘要：

土壤团聚体是土壤结构与肥力的重要指标，受到施肥类型等人为管理的影响。本研究旨在通过Meta分析法，探索长期施肥对土壤团聚体稳定性（平均重量直径MWD）的影响。收集了48篇已发表的文献数据，建立了不同施肥和团聚体稳定性的数据库，包含292个独立的组成对数据，分析不同施肥类型、作物种植制度及土壤类型在此过程中的作用。研究结果表明，与不施肥（对照）相比，施用化肥、有机肥和有机无机配施均显著提升土壤团聚体MWD。其中，有机无机配施（提升21.46%）和单施有机肥（提升17.17%）的效果分别是单施化肥（提升6.22%）的7.9倍和6.4倍。施用秸秆对MWD的影响(27.79%)显著优于粪肥(14.01%)。此外，施肥年限的增加与MWD呈显著负相关，而年均降水、蒸发量和气温均与MWD呈显著正相关。最佳施肥量为化肥>0.3 t/hm2、有机肥5~10 t/hm2、有机无机配施1~10 t/hm2，显著提升土壤团聚体稳定性，同时土壤性质及环境因子（如pH、全氮、全磷、全钾）对效果产生影响。本研究表明施肥类型对土壤团聚体稳定性有显著影响，强调有机肥和有机无机配施在提升土壤结构方面的重要性，为优化土壤管理实践提供了重要依据。

关键词: 土壤团聚体, Meta分析, 土壤结构, 长期施肥, 中国农田

Abstract:

Soil aggregates are essential indicators of soil structure and fertility, significantly influenced by management practices, including the type of fertilizer used. This study aimed to investigate the effects of long-term fertilization on soil aggregate stability, measured by mean weight diameter (MWD), and to analyze the roles of various fertilization types, cropping systems, and soil types. We collected data from 48 published studies to create a comprehensive database on different fertilization practices and their impact on aggregate stability, including 292 independent paired data sets. Meta-analysis was employed to evaluate the effects of fertilization on soil aggregate stability. The findings revealed that, compared to no fertilization, the application of chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers, and combined organic-inorganic fertilizers significantly enhanced soil aggregate MWD. Specifically, the impacts of combined organic-inorganic fertilization (an increase of 21.46%) and single organic fertilization (an increase of 17.17%) were 7.9 times and 6.4 times greater than that of single chemical fertilization (an increase of 6.22%), respectively. Additionally, the effect of straw application on MWD (27.79%) was significantly higher than that of manure (14.01%). Furthermore, the duration of fertilization was significantly negatively correlated with MWD, while annual precipitation, evaporation, and temperature were all significantly positively correlated with MWD. The optimal fertilization amounts were determined to be > 0.3 t/hm2 chemical fertilizers, 5-10 t/hm2 organic fertilizers, and 1-10 t/hm2 combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers, all of which significantly enhanced the stability of soil aggregates. Additionally, soil properties and environmental factors, such as pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium, also influenced these effects. This study highlighted that the type of fertilization played a significant role in determining the stability of soil aggregates, underscoring the importance of organic fertilizers and combined organic-inorganic fertilization for improving soil structure. The results provided vital evidence for optimizing soil management practices.

Key words: soil aggregates, Meta-analysis, soil structure, long term fertilization, Chinese farmland