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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (25): 108-116.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0559

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

鄂西北2023年秋季低温连阴雨特征及其对烤烟质量的影响

梁辰1(), 刘少霞1(), 梁代荣1, 陈子凡1, 尤雪2, 陈正洪3   

  1. 1 十堰市气象局,湖北十堰 442000
    2 襄阳市气象局,湖北襄阳 441000
    3 湖北省气象服务中心,湖北武汉 430074
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-05 修回日期:2025-06-27 出版日期:2025-09-05 发布日期:2025-09-16
  • 通讯作者:
    刘少霞,女,1982年出生,湖北十堰人,高级工程师,学士,研究方向为气象服务与应用气象。通信地址:442000 湖北十堰市张湾区汉江路街道林荫大道二线北337号 十堰市气象局,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    梁辰,女,1990年出生,湖北十堰人,工程师,学士,研究方向为气象服务与应用气象。通信地址:442000 湖北十堰市张湾区汉江路街道林荫大道二线北337号 十堰市气象局,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司湖北省公司科技项目(027Y2022-006); 中国气象局、农业农村部烤烟气象服务中心开放式研究基金项目(KYZX2023-07)

Characteristics of Low Temperature and Continuous Rainy Weather in Autumn of 2023 in Northwest Hubei and Its Impact on Quality of Tobacco

LIANG Chen1(), LIU Shaoxia1(), LIANG Dairong1, CHEN Zifan1, YOU Xue2, CHEN Zhenghong3   

  1. 1 Shiyan Meteorological Bureau, Shiyan, Hubei 442000
    2 Xiangyang Meteorological Bureau, Xiangyang, Hubei 441000
    3 Hubei Meteorological Service Center, Wuhan 430074
  • Received:2024-09-05 Revised:2025-06-27 Published:2025-09-05 Online:2025-09-16

摘要: 鄂西北烟区秋季低温连阴雨频发,对烤烟产量与品质形成构成潜在威胁。为评估2023年秋季低温连阴雨对鄂西北烤烟质量的影响,并揭示区域差异,基于6个国家气象站气象数据和138份烤烟样品,结合统计分析与ArcGIS插值法,分析该事件的影响。结果表明,2023年9月18日—10月7日鄂西北烟区遭遇重度区域性连阴雨,期间日照时数较常年同期显著减少(65~82 h),日平均气温≤18℃日数达8~17 d。襄阳烟区烤烟B2F等级单叶重显著降低(-13.3%),C3F等级含梗率升高9.3%,感官质量下降;十堰烟区受影响较小,主要归因于移栽期提前20 d左右。本次低温连阴雨对烤烟质量造成显著损害,且襄阳烟区受影响程度明显高于十堰烟区。建议襄阳烟区提前移栽期20 d,以有效减轻连阴雨对烤烟外观及感官质量的负面影响,预计可使B2F等级单叶重降幅减少5个百分点。

关键词: 低温, 连阴雨, 鄂西北, 烤烟, 烟叶质量

Abstract:

The frequent occurrence of low temperature and continuous rain in autumn in northwest Hubei tobacco area posed a potential threat to the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. This article statistically analyzed the regional differences in the impact of low temperature and continuous rainy weather on the quality of tobacco in Shiyan and Xiangyang in autumn 2023. Based on the meteorological data of 6 national meteorological stations and 138 flue-cured tobacco samples, the influence of the event was analyzed by statistical analysis and ArcGIS interpolation. The results showed that from September 18 to October 7, 2023, a severe regional continuous rain occurred in the tobacco growing areas of northwest Hubei. During this period, the sunshine hours were significantly reduced (65-82 h) compared with the same period of normal years, and the number of days with daily average temperature ≤18℃ reached 8-17 days. The single leaf weight of B2F grade flue-cured tobacco in Xiangyang tobacco area decreased significantly (13.3%), the stem content of C3F grade increased (9.3%), and the sensory quality decreased. Shiyan tobacco area was less affected, mainly due to the early transplanting period of about 20 days. The low temperature and continuous rain caused significant damage to the quality of flue-cured tobacco, and the influence degree of Xiangyang tobacco area was significantly higher than that of Shiyan tobacco area. It is suggested that the transplanting period of Xiangyang tobacco area should be 20 days in advance to effectively reduce the negative impact of continuous rain on the appearance and sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco. It is expected that the decrease of single leaf weight of B2F grade can be reduced by 5%.

Key words: low temperature, continuous rainy weather, northwest Hubei, flue-cured tobacco, tobacco quality