欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (25): 49-53.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0102

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同种源玄参形态结构和有效成分的比较研究

张哲娴(), 覃章辉, 张乔会, 万海英, 殷红清()   

  1. 恩施土家族苗族自治州农业科学院,湖北恩施 445000
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-17 修回日期:2025-08-21 出版日期:2025-09-05 发布日期:2025-09-16
  • 通讯作者:
    殷红清,男,1978年出生,湖北嘉鱼人,高级农艺师,硕士,主要从事中药材栽培及管理研究。E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    张哲娴,女,1994年出生,湖北利川人,研究实习员,硕士,研究方向为中药材栽培及天然产物研究。通信地址:445000 湖北省恩施市金龙大道169号 恩施土家族苗族自治州农业科学院, E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    恩施州科技计划指导性项目“硒对玄参生长及成分变化的影响”(E20230014); 湖北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项“道地药材提质增效生产技术集成创新与示范”(HBHZD-ZB-2020-005)

Comparative Study on Morphological Structure and Effective Components of Scrophularia ningpoensis from Different Provenances

ZHANG Zhexian(), QIN Zhanghui, ZHANG Qiaohui, WAN Haiying, YIN Hongqing()   

  1. Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei 445000
  • Received:2025-02-17 Revised:2025-08-21 Published:2025-09-05 Online:2025-09-16

摘要:

本研究旨在构建中药材玄参的综合评价体系,为优质品种筛选及质量标准制定提供依据。以浙江磐安、四川宝兴、重庆南川3个玄参主产区的玄参以及湖北恩施‘恩玄1号’为研究对象,对其形态结构及指标成分进行比较。采用游标卡尺、电子天平对样品外观形态进行测量统计,采用物性分析仪对玄参的内在质地进行统计分析,采用高效液相色谱仪测定各样品的指标成分含量,对所测的23项形态结构、内在质地及有效成分指标(包括株高、块根粗度、哈巴苷含量等),采用主成分分析法进行综合评价。结果表明,不同种源玄参在株高、块根质量、有效成分含量等方面存在差异,综合评价认为重庆南川玄参排名第1位,四川宝兴玄参排名第2位,‘恩玄1号’排名第3位,浙江磐安玄参排名第4位。该体系揭示了玄参品质形成的多维度特征,可为玄参规范化种植及品种改良提供科学参考。

关键词: 玄参, 形态结构, 有效成分, 种源, 主成分分析

Abstract:

This study aimed to establish a preliminary comprehensive evaluation system for Scrophularia ningpoensis, and provide references for selecting high-quality varieties and developing quality assessment criteria. Radix Scrophulariae samples from three main producing areas of Pan’an in Zhejiang, Baoxing in Sichuan and Nanchuan in Chongqing, as well as Enshi ‘Enxuan No.1’ in Hubei were comparatively analyzed on the morphological characteristics and key component contents. External morphology was measured using vernier calipers and electronic balance. Internal texture properties were assessed with a texture analyzer. The content of index component contents was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Principal component analysis (PCA) and comprehensive evaluation were performed on 23 physiological indicators. The results showed that significant variations existed in morphological structures and component contents across producing areas. The comprehensive evaluation ranked as follows: Nanchuan of Chongqing> Baoxing of Sichuan> ‘Enxuan No.1’> Pan’an of Zhejiang. This system reveals the multi-dimensional characteristics of the quality formation of Scrophularia ningpoensis, and provides a scientific reference for the standardized cultivation and variety improvement of Scrophularia ningpoensis.

Key words: Scrophularia ningpoensis, morphological structure, effective components, provenance, principal component analysis