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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (31): 137-142.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0203

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

2种纳米生物农药对水稻主要害虫的田间防治效果

肖山1(), 柴伟纲1, 刘健1, 刘围围2, 谌江华1()   

  1. 1 宁波市农业科学研究院宁波市特色农产品质量安全检测与控制重点实验室，浙江宁波 315040
    2 宁波大学，浙江宁波 315211
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-07 修回日期:2025-07-28 出版日期:2025-11-05 发布日期:2025-11-07
  • 通讯作者:
    谌江华，男，高级农艺师，主要从事农业植保技术研究与推广工作。通信地址：315040 浙江省宁波市鄞州区德厚街19号，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    肖山，男，1994年出生，江西萍乡人，助理研究员，博士，主要从事农业昆虫与害虫防治技术研究。通信地址：315040 浙江省宁波市鄞州区德厚街19号，E-mail：

  • 基金资助:
    宁波市公益性科技计划项目“水稻主要害虫新型纳米生物农药的研制与应用研究”(2023S014); 宁波市公益性科技计划项目“地空星协同的大范围水稻白叶枯病早期遥感监测方法研究”(2023S118)

Field Control Effects of Two Nano-Biopesticides on Major Rice Pests

XIAO Shan1(), CHAI Weigang1, LIU Jian1, LIU Weiwei2, CHEN Jianghua1()   

  1. 1 Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Testing and Control for Characteristic Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040
    2 Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211
  • Received:2025-03-07 Revised:2025-07-28 Published:2025-11-05 Online:2025-11-07

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摘要：

本研究旨在明确生物农药纳米制剂对水稻主要害虫的防治效果及较传统制剂的增效效果。通过田间药效试验，分析比较2种纳米生物农药与几种常规药剂对二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟和稻飞虱3种水稻主要害虫的田间防治效果。结果表明，9.3%多杀·呋虫胺纳米乳剂对3种水稻主要害虫均有很好的防治效果，2次药后9 d的防效分别为87.7%、87.5%和95.7%，显著优于传统制剂，体现了纳米制剂在提高生物农药药效方面的巨大潜力。4.5%多杀·苦参碱纳米乳剂对稻纵卷叶螟的防效表现优异，3次药后防治效果分别达85.7%、91.2%和80.6%，均显著高于其他药剂处理，但对二化螟和稻飞虱的防效则较差，2次药后9 d的最高防效分别为70.6%和70.2%，显著低于常规对照药剂（10%阿维·甲虫肼悬浮剂和50%吡蚜酮水分散粒剂桶混）处理。值得注意的是，9.3%多杀·呋虫胺纳米乳剂相比相同有效剂量的传统制剂桶混（10%多杀霉素可分散油悬浮剂和20%呋虫胺可溶粒剂），对3种害虫的防效分别提升了18.9%、15.8%和8.1%。试验结果表明，相比传统制剂，生物农药纳米制剂具有更好的防治效果，并有望通过提高生物农药利用率和持效性，降低环境影响。综上，研究证实生物农药纳米制剂在水稻病虫害防治领域应用前景广阔，为绿色农业发展提供了一种高效、环境友好的解决方案。

关键词: 水稻, 纳米农药, 二化螟, 稻纵卷叶螟, 稻飞虱, 田间防治效果

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to clarify the filed control effect of nano-formulations of biopesticides on major rice insect pests and their increasing efficiency compared to traditional formulations. The control effects of two nano-biopesticides and several conventional pesticides on three major rice insect pests (Chilo suppressalis, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and rice planthopper) were compared by field efficacy trials. The results showed that spinosad·dinotefuran 9.3% nano-emulsion had good control effects against three major rice pests. The control effects on the 9th day after the second application were 87.7%, 87.5%, and 95.7%, respectively. Spinosad·matrine 4.5% nano-emulsion showed excellent efficacy in controlling C. medinalis, with efficacy rates of 85.7%, 91.2%, and 80.6% in three surveys after applications, respectively, significantly higher than other treatments. However, its efficacy against C. suppressalis and rice planthoppers was poor, with the highest efficacy rates of 70.6% and 70.2% on the 9th day after second application, respectively, significantly lower than the conventional control agents of avermectin·methoxyfenozide 10% SC and pymetrozine 50% WDG in bucket mixing treatment. The results also showed that the control effect of spinosad·dinotefuran 9.3% nano-emulsion on C. suppressalis, C. medinalis and rice planthopper was 18.9%, 15.8%, and 8.1% higher than that of the traditional formulations of spinosad 10% OD and dinotefuran 20% SG treated with the same effective ingredient dosage in bucket mixing, respectively. The experimental results indicate that compared with traditional formulations, nano-formulations of biopesticides have better control effects, which are beneficial for reducing the use of pesticides and increasing efficiency. They have a bright application prospect in the prevention and control of rice pests and diseases.

Key words: rice, nano-pesticide, Chilo suppressalis, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, rice planthopper, field control effect