全基因组分析稻瘟菌生防菌CY-1抑菌机制

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0077

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 91-98.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0077

全基因组分析稻瘟菌生防菌CY-1抑菌机制

杨可昕¹^,²(), 汪子怡¹^,², 李娅娟¹^,², 杨鑫云¹^,², 农成芬¹^,², 李成云¹^,²(), 王一¹^,²()

¹ 云南农业大学云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室，昆明 650201
² 云南农业大学云南-国际应用生物科学中心跨境有害生物综合防控联合实验室，昆明 650201

收稿日期:2025-02-06 修回日期:2025-05-15 出版日期:2026-02-09 发布日期:2026-02-09
通讯作者:
王一，男，1991年出生，副教授，博士，主要从事水稻病害研究，E-mail：wyi_0114@163.com；李成云，男，1964年出生，研究员，学士，主要从事植物病原菌的致病机制和真菌病害生态防控研究，E-mail：lichengyun@yuna.edu.cn。
王一，男，1991年出生，副教授，博士，主要从事水稻病害研究，E-mail：wyi_0114@163.com；李成云，男，1964年出生，研究员，学士，主要从事植物病原菌的致病机制和真菌病害生态防控研究，E-mail：lichengyun@yuna.edu.cn。
作者简介:
杨可昕，女，2000年出生，云南大理人，在读硕士，研究方向：植物保护真菌病害防治。通信地址：650201 云南农业大学云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室，E-mail：1423458027@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“病虫害生态调控机理与应用技术研发”(2023YFD1400800); 国家自然科学基金“稻瘟病菌株共侵染提高无毒菌株致病力的机制研究”(32202254); 云南省重大科技专项“旱地优质稻种业创新与示范”(202402AE090026); 云南省农业基础研究联合专项重点项目“非水稻菌保守效应蛋白基因影响水稻菌致病力的机制研究”(202401BD070001-013); 云南省兴滇英才“XDYC-QNRC-2023-0421”(wangyi2024)

Antifungal Mechanism of Biocontrol Bacterium CY-1 of Magnaporthe oryzae Based on Whole Genomic Analysis

YANG Kexin¹^,²(), WANG Ziyi¹^,², LI Yajuan¹^,², YANG Xinyun¹^,², NONG Chengfen¹^,², LI Chengyun¹^,²(), WANG Yi¹^,²()

¹ Yunnan State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201
² Yunnan-CABI Joint Laboratory for Integrated Prevention and Control of Trans-boundary Pests, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201

Received:2025-02-06 Revised:2025-05-15 Published:2026-02-09 Online:2026-02-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究旨在探究一株具拮抗活性的生防菌CY-1对稻瘟病菌(Magnaporthe oryzae)的生长抑制机制、基因组特征及其系统分类地位。采用不同浓度和温度处理的CY-1发酵液，对稻瘟病菌进行抑菌活性测定，评估其对稻瘟病菌丝生长及干重的抑制影响；同时，通过全基因组测序对CY-1进行物种鉴定及功能基因分析。结果表明，CY-1发酵液稀释20倍时，对稻瘟病菌菌丝生长的抑制效率达100.00%；而在稀释100倍时，对菌丝干重的抑制率最高，为87.89%。经过不同温度处理的生防菌CY-1发酵液的抑制率显著低于未经温度处理的抑制率；基因组分析显示，CY-1中富含多种与次生代谢产物合成相关的基因簇，推测其可能通过分泌抗生素类次生代谢产物发挥抑菌作用；比较基因组比对结果表明，该菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。综上所述，菌株CY-1具备显著的生物拮抗潜力，可作为防治稻瘟病的生防资源，为水稻病害绿色防控提供了理论依据与材料支撑。

关键词: 枯草芽孢杆菌, 稻瘟病菌, 拮抗机制, 次生代谢, 基因组分析, 生物防治

Abstract:

This study aimed to elucidate the inhibitory mechanisms, genomic features, and taxonomic classification of the antagonistic biocontrol strain CY-1 against Magnaporthe oryzae, the pathogenic agent of rice blast. The antifungal activity of CY-1 fermentation broth, prepared under different concentrations and temperature conditions, was evaluated against M. oryzae by assessing its effects on mycelial growth and biomass. Additionally, whole-genome sequencing was used to determine the taxonomic classification of strain CY-1 and to characterize its functional gene repertoire. The results demonstrated that a 20-fold dilution of the CY-1 fermentation broth exhibited 100.00% inhibition of mycelial growth against M. oryzae. In contrast, the highest inhibition of mycelial biomass (87.89%) was observed at a 100-fold dilution. The inhibition rate of the CY-1 fermentation broth subjected to various temperature treatments was significantly lower than that of the untreated control. Genomic analysis revealed that CY-1 was enriched with diverse gene clusters involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis, suggesting that its antifungal activity may be mediated through the secretion of antibiotic-like compounds. Comparative genomic analysis confirmed that the strain was Bacillus subtilis. In conclusion, strain CY-1 demonstrates significant biocontrol potential against rice blast. It represents a promising biocontrol resource, providing both theoretical foundations and material support for the green management of this disease.

Key words: Bacillus subtilis, Magnaporthe oryzae, antagonistic mechanism, secondary metabolites, genome analysis, biocontrol

杨可昕, 汪子怡, 李娅娟, 杨鑫云, 农成芬, 李成云, 王一. 全基因组分析稻瘟菌生防菌CY-1抑菌机制[J]. 中国农学通报, 2026, 42(3): 91-98.

YANG Kexin, WANG Ziyi, LI Yajuan, YANG Xinyun, NONG Chengfen, LI Chengyun, WANG Yi. Antifungal Mechanism of Biocontrol Bacterium CY-1 of Magnaporthe oryzae Based on Whole Genomic Analysis[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(3): 91-98.

图/表 6

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ID编号	基因簇合成类型	起始位点	终止位点	某个最为相似的已知基因簇	相似度/%	基因数量
Cluster1	transatpks-otherks-nrps	43770	153619	Bacillaene_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,hybrid	100	58
Cluster2	terpene	791013	811814	-	-	24
Cluster3	other	115828	157246	Bacilysin_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,nrps	100	45
Cluster4	sactipeptide-head_to_tail	163779	185388	Subtilosin_A_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,RiPP	100	20
Cluster5	other	397299	438036	-	-	42
Cluster6	nrps	710019	759772	Bacillibactin_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,nrps	100	47
Cluster7	t3pks	658860	699957		-	48
Cluster8	nrps	201405	226542	Surfactin_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,nrps	39	25
Cluster9	lantipeptide	140850	178375	Rhizocticin_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,other	48	35
Cluster10	terpene	33949	55878	-	-	24
Cluster11	nrps	31584	64634	Fengycin_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,hybrid	73	26
Cluster12	nrps	1	12912	Plipastatin_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,nrps	15	2
Cluster13	nrps	1	9579	Plipastatin_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,nrps	15	2

ID编号	基因簇合成类型	起始位点	终止位点	某个最为相似的已知基因簇	相似度/%	基因数量
Cluster1	transatpks-otherks-nrps	43770	153619	Bacillaene_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,hybrid	100	58
Cluster2	terpene	791013	811814	-	-	24
Cluster3	other	115828	157246	Bacilysin_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,nrps	100	45
Cluster4	sactipeptide-head_to_tail	163779	185388	Subtilosin_A_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,RiPP	100	20
Cluster5	other	397299	438036	-	-	42
Cluster6	nrps	710019	759772	Bacillibactin_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,nrps	100	47
Cluster7	t3pks	658860	699957		-	48
Cluster8	nrps	201405	226542	Surfactin_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,nrps	39	25
Cluster9	lantipeptide	140850	178375	Rhizocticin_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,other	48	35
Cluster10	terpene	33949	55878	-	-	24
Cluster11	nrps	31584	64634	Fengycin_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,hybrid	73	26
Cluster12	nrps	1	12912	Plipastatin_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,nrps	15	2
Cluster13	nrps	1	9579	Plipastatin_biosynthetic_gene_cluster,nrps	15	2

全基因组分析稻瘟菌生防菌CY-1抑菌机制

Antifungal Mechanism of Biocontrol Bacterium CY-1 of Magnaporthe oryzae Based on Whole Genomic Analysis

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