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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 135-141.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0818

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

农作物新型纳米肥料增效剂应用研究进展

黑琳浩1,2(), 孙淼1(), 董合林1,3, 邵晶晶1, 冯卫娜1, 霍飞超1, 韩慧敏1, 李鹏程1, 郑苍松1()   

  1. 1 中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物育种及产业技术国家工程研究中心, 河南安阳 455000
    2 塔里木大学农学院, 新疆阿拉尔 843300
    3 中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心, 新疆昌吉 831100
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-19 修回日期:2025-12-24 出版日期:2026-03-18 发布日期:2026-03-18
  • 通讯作者:
    孙淼,男,1988年出生,河南鹤壁人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事棉花营养生理和施肥技术方面的研究。通信地址:455000 河南省安阳市黄河大道38号,Tel:0372-2562225,E-mail:
    郑苍松,男,1986年出生,吉林长春人,副研究员,博士,主要从事棉花施肥与新型肥料方面的研究。通信地址:455000 河南省安阳市黄河大道38号,Tel:0372-2562261,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    黑琳浩,男,2003年出生,河南南阳人,本科在读,研究方向:农业资源与环境专业。通信地址:455000 河南省安阳市文峰区黄河大道 中国农业科学院棉花研究所,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    河南省科技攻关计划项目“棉花新型纳米肥料增效剂作用机制及应用技术研究”(252102110181); 新疆维吾尔自治区“天池英才”引进计划; 棉花产业技术体系岗位科学家项目“棉花栽培生理岗位科学家项目”(CARS-15-11); 中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-CCRI)

Research Progress on the Application of New Nanofertilizer Synergists for Crops

HEI Linhao1,2(), SUN Miao1(), DONG Helin1,3, SHAO Jingjing1, FENG Weina1, HUO Feichao1, HAN Huimin1, LI Pengcheng1, ZHENG Cangsong1()   

  1. 1 Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ The National Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization of Cotton, Anyang, Henan 455000
    2 College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alaer, Xinjiang 843300
    3 West Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, Xinjiang 831100
  • Received:2025-09-19 Revised:2025-12-24 Published:2026-03-18 Online:2026-03-18

摘要:

本文旨在系统评估新型纳米肥料增效剂在农业绿色增产与品质提升方面的潜力。通过对现有文献的梳理,综述了其类型、作用机制及应用效果。基于核心结构、作用方式以及与养分的结合特性,将纳米肥料增效剂划分为包膜型、复合型与载体型三类。重点阐述了其通过缓/控释养分、提升养分有效性、增强作物光合作用与抗逆性以及改良土壤微环境等多重途径实现增效的机制。研究结果表明:纳米肥料增效剂可显著提高氮、磷、钾等养分的吸收利用效率,有效促进作物生长,实现产量和品质的协同提升,并兼具一定的土壤修复功能。因此,纳米肥料增效剂是实现化肥减量增效与农业可持续发展的重要技术方向,应用前景广阔。未来研究应聚焦于降低成本、深化环境安全评估及建立标准化应用体系,以促进其在精准农业中的规模化应用。

关键词: 纳米肥料增效剂, 类型, 作用机制, 应用效果, 肥料利用率

Abstract:

This study systematically investigates the potential of novel nano-fertilizer synergists in promoting green agricultural production by enhancing yield, quality, and efficiency. It reviewed their types, mechanisms of action, and application effects. Based on core structure, mode of action, and binding relationships with nutrients, nano-fertilizer synergists were categorized into three types: coated, compound, and carrier-based. The mechanisms were elaborated through multiple pathways, including slow/controlled nutrient release, improved nutrient availability, enhanced crop photosynthesis and stress resistance, and amelioration of the soil microenvironment. The results showed that nano-fertilizer synergists significantly improve the uptake and utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrients. They effectively promote crop growth, increase yield and quality, and exhibit certain soil remediation capabilities. In conclusion, nano-fertilizer synergists represented a crucial technological direction for achieving fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement, as well as promoting sustainable agricultural development. They hold significant application prospects. Future research should focused on cost reduction, in-depth environmental safety assessments, and the establishment of a standardized application system to facilitate their large-scale adoption in precision agriculture.

Key words: nano-fertilizer synergist, type, mechanism of action, application effect, fertilizer utilization rate