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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 195-200.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0938

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

5种绿色食品生产适用药剂对荔枝麻点病的防效评价

凌金锋1(), 黄峰1, 王燕2, 林培华3, 董易之1(), 宋晓兵1(), 崔一平1, 林接英1   

  1. 1 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室， 广州 510640
    2 东莞农业科学研究中心， 广东东莞 523086
    3 德庆县农业技术推广中心， 广东肇庆 526600
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-18 修回日期:2026-01-19 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-03-30
  • 通讯作者:
    宋晓兵，男，1980年出生，山东胶南人，研究员，博士，研究方向：果树病害综合防控。通信地址：510640 广州市天河区五山金颖路7号 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所，Tel：020-87597446，E-mail：；
    董易之，男，1979年出生，黑龙江哈尔滨人，研究员，博士，研究方向：果树病虫害防治。通信地址：510640 广州市天河区五山金颖路7号广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所，Tel：020-87590733，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    凌金锋，男，1983年出生，广东梅州人，副研究员，博士，研究方向：果树病害防控。通信地址：510640 广州市天河区五山金颖路7号 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所，Tel：020-87597446，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    广州市科技计划“荔枝重要病害绿色防控关键技术示范与推广”(2024E04J1262); 广东省科技支撑“百千万工程”项目“荔枝、蔬菜、南药等特色作物提质增效技术应用与推广”(KTP20240594); 广东省乡村振兴战略专项“针对荔枝保鲜的采前高效栽培配套技术研发与示范推广”(2023LZ02)

Control Effect Evaluation of Five Fungicides Applicable for Green Food Production Against Litchi Pepper Spot Disease

LING Jinfeng1(), HUANG Feng1, WANG Yan2, LIN Peihua3, DONG Yizhi1(), SONG Xiaobing1(), CUI Yiping1, LIN Jieying1   

  1. 1 Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640
    2 Dongguan Agricultural Science Research Center, Dongguan, Guangdong 523086
    3 Deqing County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Zhaoqing, Guangdong 526600
  • Received:2025-11-18 Revised:2026-01-19 Published:2026-03-25 Online:2026-03-30

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摘要：

为筛选防治荔枝麻点病且符合绿色食品生产的药剂，本研究针对性地选取了5种绿色食品生产适用药剂，开展田间药效评价，重点考察其对荔枝麻点病的防治效果及采后保鲜潜力。结果表明，首次证实50%春雷·王铜可湿性粉剂500倍液和45%春雷·喹啉铜悬浮剂1200倍液对荔枝麻点病具有显著的防治效果，在荔枝中果期、膨大期分别施药3次，或在此基础上于转色膨大期再施药1次（每次间隔7~9 d），其田间防效分别可达到74.25%~78.01%和84.34%~87.48%，且4次施药较3次施药防效提升明显；采后贮藏5 d后，两种药剂处理的防效仍可维持在73.10%~76.27%，表现出良好的采后保鲜效果。相比之下，50%氯溴异氰尿酸可溶粉剂750倍液虽具有一定的田间防效(66.18%~68.77%)，但采后贮藏期防效迅速降至22%以下。1000亿芽孢/克枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂750倍液和2%春雷霉素水剂400倍液的防效在田间和采后均不理想(<52%)。综上，本研究明确了50%春雷·王铜可湿性粉剂和45%春雷·喹啉铜悬浮剂可作为防治荔枝麻点病的安全有效药剂，为荔枝绿色食品生产提供了新的药剂选择和技术支撑。

关键词: 荔枝麻点病, 防治效果, 枯草芽孢杆菌, 春雷霉素, 王铜, 喹啉铜, 氯溴异氰尿酸

Abstract:

In order to screen the effective fungicides applicable for control of litchi pepper spot disease and for green food production, the field experiment was carried out to evaluate five fungicides, focusing the control effect on litchi pepper spot disease and postharvest preservation potential. The results showed that the treatments of kasugamycin 5%+copper oxychloride 45% WP at dilution ratio of 500-fold and kasugamycin 4.5%+oxine-copper 40.5% SC at dilution ratio of 1200-fold had optimal field control effects at 74.25%-87.48% after being applied preventatively for three to four times, and control effects of four times of application were much better than that of three times. The control effects of two treatments still reached 73.10%-76.27% on 5th day of storage, indicating the good postharvest preservation effect. In contrast, although the 750-fold solution of 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid SP had a certain field control effect (66.18 % -68.77%), the control effect decreased rapidly to less than 22 % during postharvest storage. Bacillus subtilis 100 billion CFU/g WP at dilution ratio of 750-fold and kasugamycin 2% AS at dilution ratio of 400-fold had poor control effect at less than 52% both in the field and in the postharvest storage period. In conclusion, the study showed that kasugamycin 5%+copper oxychloride 45% WP and kasugamycin 4.5%+oxine-copper 40.5% SC could be the valuable potential fungicides for controlling litchi pepper spot disease.

Key words: litchi pepper spot disease, control effect, Bacillus subtilis, kasugamycin, copper oxychloride, oxine-copper, chloroisobromine cyanuric acid