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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 121-129.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0959

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于分形的南水北调中线工程河南水源区用地结构演变分析

王国重1(), 陈朝阳2, 徐新龙2, 张武云2, 张继宇3, 王一帆2, 卢圆章4   

  1. 1 黄河水文水资源科学研究院, 郑州 450004
    2 河南省南阳水文水资源测报分中心, 河南南阳 473000
    3 河南黄河河务局, 郑州 450003
    4 河南省水文水资源测报中心, 郑州 450003
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-02 修回日期:2026-03-13 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-04-15
  • 作者简介:

    王国重,男,1972年出生,河南南阳人,正高级工程师,博士,主要从事水文水资源、水土保持等方面的工作。通信地址:450004 河南省郑州市城北路12号 黄委会水文局,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    河南省科技攻关计划“基于土地利用的丹江口水库水源区生态系统服务权衡协同关系分析”(GG202410)

Evolution Analysis of Land Use Structure in Water Source Area of Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project in Henan Based on Fractals Theory

WANG Guozhong1(), CHEN Zhaoyang2, XU Xinlong2, ZHANG Wuyun2, ZHANG Jiyu3, WANG Yifan2, LU Yuanzhang4   

  1. 1 Hydrology and Water Resources of Yellow River Scientific Research Institute, Zhengzhou 450004
    2 Nanyang Branch of Hydrology and Water Resources Survey and Forecast Center in Henan, Nanyang, Henan 473000
    3 Henan Yellow River Bureau, Zhengzhou 450003
    4 Hydrology and Water Resources Survey and Forecast Center in Henan, Zhengzhou 450003
  • Received:2025-12-02 Revised:2026-03-13 Published:2026-04-15 Online:2026-04-15

摘要:

为探究南水北调中线工程河南水源区流域用地结构演变规律,基于1990—2021年遥感影像,运用分形理论剖析各类用地面积变化与空间结构的稳定性。结果表明,1990—2021年该流域耕地、灌丛地、草地和未利用地面积总体减少,而林地、水域和建设用地面积显著增加;斑块平均面积呈增长趋势,但不同用地类型表现各异。分形维数分析显示,人类活动是流域用地类型变化的主要因素,总体分形维数呈逐年降低趋势(由1.4038降至1.3580),表明用地结构趋于有序化,稳定性逐步提升(稳定性指数由0.0962增至0.1420),但易受外界因素影响。因此,建议未来流域用地规划中,实施必要的人为控制,进一步降低用地结构的分形维数,提高其稳定性,保障水源区生态安全。

关键词: 分形理论, 水源区, 土地利用, 演变

Abstract:

To grasp the evolution characteristics of land use structure within the Henan water source area of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, using remote sensing images from 1990-2021, the fractal theory was adopted to analyze the changes in various land use areas and the stability of spatial structure, to reveal the transformation and evolution laws of land use structure. The results were as following. During 1990-2021, the areas of cultivated land, shrub land, grassland and unused land had generally decreased, while the areas of forest land, water areas and construction land had shown increasing trend; the average area of patches had been increasing overall, from 1990-2021, it increased by 0.052 square kilometers; the average area of patches in cultivated land, forest land, water area, unused land and construction land had increased, while that in shrub land and grassland had decreased; human activities were the main factor triggering change of land use types in the basin and the overall fractal dimensions in 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2021 were 1.4038, 1.3805, 1.3660 and 1.3580, respectively, showing gradually decreasing trend, indicating that the land use structure was tending to be orderly; the corresponding stability index gradually increased from 0.0962 to 0.1420, but the stability was not high and it was easily affected by external factors. In the future, land use planning of the basin, artificial controls should be implemented to reduce the fractal dimension of land use structure and enhance its stability.

Key words: fractal theory, water source area, land use, evolution