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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (13): 79-85.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0989

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

11个混生竹种在皖东地区的抗寒性综合评价

孙慧1,2(), 曹志华1,2(), 胡陶3, 杨春雨4, 马艳军3, 钱孔屏1,2, 吴中能1,2, 余国清1,2, 陈维1,2   

  1. 1 安徽省林业科学研究院， 合肥 230031
    2 安徽沙河林木育种国家长期科研基地， 安徽滁州 239004
    3 国际竹藤中心， 北京 100102
    4 安徽农业大学， 合肥 230036
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-14 修回日期:2026-06-01 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-07-09
  • 通讯作者:
    曹志华，女，1985年出生，安徽阜阳人，副研究员，博士，主要从事竹子及其抗性研究。E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    孙慧，女，1990年出生，安徽淮北人，助理研究员，硕士，研究方向为森林培育。通信地址：230031 安徽省合肥市蜀山区黄山路618-1号 安徽省林业科学研究院，Tel：0551-62631558，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    “十四五”国家重点研发课题“竹藤生物育种与种质创新”(2021YFD2200505); “十三五”国家重点研发课题“竹子抗逆性评价与高效繁育技术”(2018YFD0600102)

Comprehensive Evaluation of Cold Resistance of 11 Introduced Amphipodial Bamboo Species in Eastern Anhui Province

SUN Hui1,2(), CAO Zhihua1,2(), HU Tao3, YANG Chunyu4, MA Yanjun3, QIAN Kongping1,2, WU Zhongneng1,2, YU Guoqing1,2, CHEN Wei1,2   

  1. 1 Anhui Academy of Forestry Sciences, Hefei 230031
    2 Anhui Shahe National Long-term Scientific Research Base for Forest Tree Breeding, Chuzhou, Anhui 239004
    3 International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102
    4 Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036
  • Received:2025-12-14 Revised:2026-06-01 Published:2026-07-15 Online:2026-07-09

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摘要：

为比较11种引进混生竹种的耐寒性，筛选适合在“南竹北移”工程中推广应用的优良品种，以菲白竹(Pleioblastus fortunei)、菲黄竹(Pl. viridistriatus)、翠竹(Pl. pygmaeus)、倭竹(Shibataea kumasaca)、阔叶箬竹(Indocalamus latifolius)、芦花竹(S. hispida)、美丽箬竹(I. decorus)、黄条阔叶箬竹(I. latifolius f. flavistriatus)、辣韭矢竹(Pseudosasa japonica var. tsutsumiana)、矢竹(Ps. japonica)、月月竹(Chimonobambusa sichuanensis)等11个竹种的2年生母竹移栽苗为材料，连续6年系统监测其在自然低温胁迫下的形态与生理响应，并运用主成分分析和隶属函数法，综合评价不同竹种的耐寒性。结果表明，在自然低温胁迫下，11个竹种的外部形态均呈现显著适应性变化，主要表现为叶片黄化、新发竹及母竹死亡等典型寒害症状。光合生理指标变化趋势表明，自然低温显著抑制了11个竹种的PSⅡ实际光化学效率[Y(Ⅱ)]、最大电子传递速率(ETR)、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、有效光化学效率(Fv/Fo)。随着引种时间的延长，各竹种光合参数的变化幅度出现显著的分异，反映出不同竹种对自然低温胁迫的耐受程度存在明显差异。主成分分析结果表明，7项单项指标经降维处理后可提取4个主成分，其累积贡献率达93.0%，通过计算耐寒性综合评价值D值，得出11个竹种的耐寒能力由强到弱为美丽箬竹>黄条阔叶箬竹>辣韭矢竹>倭竹>阔叶箬竹>菲黄竹>翠竹>月月竹>芦花竹>矢竹>菲白竹。

关键词: 混生竹种, 抗寒性, 主成分分析, 隶属函数法, 综合评价

Abstract:

Comparing the cold resistance of different introduced mixed-growth bamboo species, the excellent bamboo species were selected for the promotion of southern bamboo introduction to north and afforestation. Using the two-year old transplanted mother bamboos of 11 bamboo species, namely Pleioblastus fortunei, Pl. viridistriatus, Pl. pygmaeus, Shibataea kumasaca, Indocalamus latifolius, S. hispida, I. decorus, I. latifolius f. flavistriatus, Pseudosasa japonica var. tsutsumiana, Ps. japonica, Chimonobambusa sichuanensis, as materials, this study explored their morphological and physiological responses to natural low temperatures for 6 consecutive years after introduction. The cold resistance of different bamboo species was comprehensively evaluated through principal component analysis combined with the membership function method. Under natural low temperature stress, the external morphology of the 11 bamboo species showed significant adaptive changes, mainly manifested as typical cold damage symptoms such as leaf yellowing, death of newly sprouted bamboo and mother bamboo. Photosynthetic physiological indicators showed that natural low temperature significantly inhibited the actual photochemical efficiency Y(Ⅱ) of PSⅡ, the maximum electron transport rate (ETR), the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ (Fv/Fm), and the effective photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fo) of the 11 bamboo species. With the extension of the introduction time, the variation ranges of the photosynthetic parameters of each bamboo species showed significant differences, reflecting obvious differences in the tolerance levels of different bamboo species to natural low temperature stress. The results of principal component analysis showed that after dimensionality reduction of 7 single indicators, 4 principal components could be extracted, with a cumulative contribution rate of 93.0%. By calculating the comprehensive evaluation value D of cold resistance, the final ranking of the cold resistance abilities of the 11 bamboo species was obtained as follows: I. decorus> I. latifolius f. flavistriatus> Ps. japonica var. tsutsumiana> S. kumasaca> I. latifolius> Pl. viridistriatus> Pl. pygmaeus> C. sichuanensis> S. hispida> Ps. japonica> Pl. fortunei.

Key words: amphipodial bamboo species, cold resistance, principal component analysis, membership function method, comprehensive evaluation

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