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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (18): 203-210.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0837

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘蔗黑穗病菌分离鉴定及植物源挥发性抑菌成分筛选

王长秘1(), 杨荣景2, 王晓燕1, 张荣跃1, 李婕1, 尹炯1, 苏发武2(), 单红丽1()   

  1. 1 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所/云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室, 云南开远 661699
    2 云南农业大学植物保护学院, 昆明 650201
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-01 修回日期:2026-01-11 出版日期:2026-09-25 发布日期:2026-09-24
  • 通讯作者:
    苏发武,男,1981年出生,云南双柏人,讲师,博士,主要从事天然产物农药研究。通信地址:650201 云南省昆明市盘龙区沣源路452号云南农业大学植物保护学院, Tel:0871-65228114,E-mail:;
    单红丽,女,1984年出生,云南保山人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事甘蔗病害研究。通信地址:661699 云南省红河州开远市灵泉东路363号云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所,Tel:0873-7227004,E-mail:。
  • 作者简介:

    王长秘,男,1991年出生,云南永善人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事甘蔗病害研究。通信地址:661699 云南省红河州开远市灵泉东路363号云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所,Tel:0873-7227004,E-mail:。

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“热带经济作物病虫害演替规律与全程绿色防控技术体系集成示范”(2024YFD1400600); 财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金“国家现代农业产业技术体系(糖料)真菌岗位专家”(CARS-17); 云南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金“甘蔗产业技术体系病虫害防控岗位专家”(YNGZTX-4-92)

Isolation and Identification of Pathogen Causing Sugarcane Smut and Screening of Plant-derived Volatile Antifungal Compounds

WANG Changmi1(), YANG Rongjing2, WANG Xiaoyan1, ZHANG Rongyue1, LI Jie1, YIN Jiong1, SU Fawu2(), SHAN Hongli1()   

  1. 1 Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan 661699
    2 College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201
  • Received:2025-10-01 Revised:2026-01-11 Published:2026-09-25 Online:2026-09-24

摘要:

本研究旨在探索防控甘蔗黑穗病的植物源活性成分。通过采集黑穗病样品,结合形态学、bE4基因序列分析以及致病性鉴定,成功分离并纯化了引起甘蔗黑穗病的病原菌Sporisorium scitamineum,评估了10种植物源挥发性成分对该病原菌菌株KYSs1的菌丝生长及产孢抑制效果。结果表明,香芹酚、香茅醛、柠檬醛、大蒜素4种成分表现出显著的抑菌活性,其中,这4种成分对菌株KYSs1菌丝生长的EC50值均低于3.000 mg/L;香芹酚、香茅醛、柠檬醛抑制菌株KYSs1产孢EC50值均低于1.000 mg/L,而大蒜素表现出更强的抑制活性,当熏蒸浓度在0.98 mg/L时,对菌株KYSs1产孢的抑制率达100%,实现了对病原菌的完全抑制。综上所述,本研究成功分离并鉴定出甘蔗黑穗病的病原菌,并筛选出一系列能有效抑制菌株KYSs1菌丝生长和产孢的植物源挥发性成分,为下一步甘蔗黑穗病的绿色防控策略的开发提供理论依据。

关键词: 甘蔗, 黑穗病菌, 分离鉴定, 大蒜素, 抑菌活性

Abstract:

To explore the plant-derived active components for the prevention and control of sugarcane smut, samples of sugarcane smut were collected, isolated, and purified, and analyzed using morphological examination, bE4 gene sequencing, and pathogenicity testing in this study. The inhibition rates of 10 plant volatile components on the mycelial growth and sporulation of sugarcane smut strain KYSs1 were determined. The results showed that the pathogen causing sugarcane smut was Sporisorium scitamineum. Four components, namely carvacrol, citral, citronellal, and allicin, exhibited extremely strong antifungal activity. Their EC50 values for inhibiting the mycelial growth of strain KYSs1 were all below 3.000 mg/L. The EC50 values of carvacrol, citral, and citronellal for inhibiting sporulation of strain KYSs1 were all below 1.000 mg/L. However, allicin showed even stronger inhibitory activity, When the fumigation concentration was 0.98 mg/L, the inhibition rate of sporulation of strain KYSs1 reached 100%, achieving comprehensive suppression of the pathogen. In conclusion, this study isolated and identified the pathogen causing sugarcane smut, and screened out the plant-derived volatile components that effectively inhibited the mycelial growth and sporulation of strain KYSs1, providing a theoretical basis for future research on the prevention and control of sugarcane smut.

Key words: sugarcane, Sporisorium scitamineum, isolation and identification, allicin, antifungal activity

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