土壤腐殖质结构的光谱学研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 有机质光谱分析法在土壤腐殖质结构研究中的应用，已使土壤腐殖质的研究取得了相当大的进展。它的应用能快速确定很多有机化合物的复杂结构，从而使腐殖质的结构研究提高到了新的水平。但由于腐殖质结的复杂性和研究手段的局限性，人们对土壤腐殖酸的结构仍然不甚清楚。为克服腐殖质提取和热解过程对结构的影响，弄清光谱分析方法在这一研究过程中的不足，未来的优先研究领域是：（1）土壤腐殖质分离。不同提取剂、甲基化、水解、氧化和还原作用都会对腐殖质化学结构产生影响，从而影响结构的精确性；（2）土壤腐殖质结构对环境的响应。同一土壤腐殖质的结构，化学性质也随着气候、母质、海拔、植被类型、土壤管理等不同而不同；（3）土壤腐殖质的化学分析测试手段的研制。每种光谱分析法都有一定的局限性，样品制备、分析技术和操作条件，都会对腐殖质结构产生一定影响，标准谱图也有待发展，并没有囊括所有腐殖质

关键词: 佛甲草, 佛甲草, 快速繁殖, 屋顶绿化

Abstract: The application of organic matter spectroscopies to characterization researches of soil humic substances have promoted the structural study achieves more development. Compared with the classic chemical analysis methods，the advantages of spectroscopies are minimal sample preparation，as well as being rapid, sensitive, noninvasive, accurate, informative and repeatable. However, people had not made sure of the structure characteres of soil humic substances, due to the complication and lack of advanced research means. For conquering the influence of extraction and pyrolysis on the structures and the limitation of spectroscopies, the main future researches are: (1) the extraction of soil humic substances. Extractant，methylating，hydrolysis，oxidation and reduction have influence on humics characterization; (2) the response to substances. The structure and chemical property of the same soil humic substances can vary with climate，parent material，altitude，vegetational form and soil management; and (3) the development of chemical analysis. Every spectroscopy has certain limitation because of some influencing factors，such as，sample preparation，analysis and operating condition，according，can attect the structure. And the standard spectrogram has not included all soil humic substances.

中图分类号:

陈兰,唐晓红,魏朝富. 土壤腐殖质结构的光谱学研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2007, 23(8): 233-233.

Chen Lan, Tang Xiaohong, Wei Chaofu. Spectroscopies of Soil Humic Substances: A Review[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2007, 23(8): 233-233.

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