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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 66-71.

所属专题： 耕地保护

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤改良剂和石灰对锑矿区造林成活率的影响

童方平 李贵 龙应忠 杨勿享 石文峰   

  • 收稿日期:2010-07-05 修回日期:2010-09-13 出版日期:2011-01-14 发布日期:2011-01-14
  • 基金资助:

    国家‘十一五’科技支撑项目

The Effect of Soil Amendment and Lime on Afforestation Survival in Antimony Mine

  • Received:2010-07-05 Revised:2010-09-13 Online:2011-01-14 Published:2011-01-14

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摘要：

为了研究锑矿区土壤改良对造林成活率的影响，利用8个造林树种应用不同剂量的专用改良剂、石灰的试验，结果表明：不同剂量的改良剂、石灰对0~20 cm、20~40 cm、40~60 cm土层的pH值有极显著影响，对造林成活率也有极显著影响，各树种间造林成活率、1年生树高生长量有极显著差异。施用土壤改良剂，造林成活率以楸树、复羽叶栾树、杉木、刺槐、翅荚木为高，为84.5%~88%；当年林木树高生长量以翅荚木、刺槐、栾树、楸树为大，为62.44~155.33 cm；改良剂以每穴施放200 g效果为佳，此时8树种的平均成活率达89.2%，而对照仅为50.8%。合理施用改良剂可以提高造林成活率38.4%。施放石灰造林成活率以楸树、复羽叶栾树、杉木、刺槐、翅荚木为高，为84.6%~95.3%；当年林木树高生长量以翅荚木、刺槐、栾树、楸树为大，为60~152.3 cm；石灰以每穴施放200 g效果为佳，8树种的平均成活率为79.5%，而对照仅为54.7%。合理施放石灰可提高造林成活率38.4%。土壤改良剂、石灰的作用机制可能是提高土壤pH值，相应降低土壤中可利用态重金属的含量，降低生物有效性。

关键词: 脐橙, 脐橙, 开放, 衰老, 抗氧化酶

Abstract:

Using 8 tree species in different dosages special amendments and lime test to study the soil improvement in antimony mine on the effects of afforestation survival. The results showed that: different doses of amendments and lime had very significant effects on pH values in the 0~20, 20~40, 40~60 cm soil. It was very significant effects that different doses of soil amendments and lime on survival rate, among species and 1 year of height increment. After application of soil amendments, the survival rate of manchurian catalpa, goldenrain tree, chinese fir, robinia and zenia insignis were high which was 84.5% to 88%; The height increment of zenia insigni, robinia, smanchurian catalpa and goldenrain as large as 62.44 to 155.33 cm; 200 g of amendment per hole was best, the average survival rate of 8 trees was 89.2%, while the contrast was only 50.8%. It can improve the survival rate by 38.4% in control and reasonable casting amendment. After application of lime, the survival rate of manchurian catalpa, goldenrain tree, chinese fir, robinia and zenia insignis were high which was 84.6% to 95.3%; The height increment of zenia insigni, robinia, smanchurian catalpa and goldenrain as large as 60 to 152.3 cm; 200 g of lime per hole was best, the average survival rate of 8 species was 79.5%, while the contrast was 54.7%. It can improve the survival rate by 38.4% in control and reasonable casting lime. The mechanism of soil amendments and lime may increase the pH values of soil, accordingly, reduce the content of heavy metals in soil, which can be used to reduce the bio-availability.

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