Abstract:

The research progress of grapevine embryogenic callus induction, initiation and maintenance of long term somatic embryogenesis, and somatic embryo germination and seedling establishment were reviewed. Their main influence factors were also described. In addition, somatic embryos applied to genetic transformation, the difficult induction of grapevine somatic embryo and low efficiency of plant germination and other issues were introduced. Prospects grapevine embryogenic suspension establishment and somatic embryogenesis used in genetic transformation and protoplast culture were also described here.