Abstract: For the establishment of the system of the agricultural ecological compensation mechanism to provide reference to achieve reasonable utilization of resources in Heilongjiang Province, and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture and to achieve this goal rural ecological benign circulation. Through the analysis of result was that must be reality from Heilongjiang Province and the sound of the agricultural ecological compensation system. By mean of combine the ecology, economics and beads on an investigation strive to explore a road for suitable agricultural ecological compensation in Heilongjiang Province. And form the perfect the laws and regulations and standard system on the agricultural ecological compensation, establishing the more perspective of center ecological compensation mechanism, establishing the "open source" type of compensation mode and the establishment agriculture ecological compensation demonstration area four aspects of the agricultural ecological compensation system of Heilongjiang Province, the paper proposed some radically improve the agricultural ecological environment situation in Heilongjiang Province and achieve Heilongjiang and the harmonious economic society and sustainable development.