Abstract: As last barrier of vegetable security, at present, China’s safety supervision of vegetables in retail operations has gradually established the system of “business supervision, self-discipline of operators, social supervision”. But there still exist such problems as poor daily supervision, imperfect prevention mechanism, lack of operators’ safety control system and inadequate implementation. The paper pointed out that the establishment of incentive system, control mechanism and social guidance mechanism can decrease the incidence rate of vegetables circulation safety risk. Furthermore, the safeguard mechanism of vegetable safety supervision can be perfected by means of asking for an increase in investment, improving the degree of retail organization and exploring suitable technical measures.