Abstract: Suzhou classical garden has a long history and is the essence of Chinese classical gardens. The paper selected representative, well-preserved, private garden and house garden one of 13 Suzhou classical gardens as research objects. Based on the basic principle of spatial composition to point out that courtyard space is the primary spatial unit of garden, and analyzed courtyard space to extracted courtyard spatial components. Through statistical analysis software SPSS 18.0 to analyzed the horizontal and vertical elements defining courtyard space with ordinal regression. The result showed that the regulation of courtyard number, the configuration of relationship between the horizontal and vertical elements defining courtyard, and the characteristic of opened and closed courtyard of Suzhou classical gardens. Hopefully, this thesis would provide valuable referential support for the design and construction of garden in the future.