Abstract: Composting biochar and chemical fertilizer, field trial were carried out to compare the effect of various biochar-based composts on vegetable nitrate content and the differences of their fertilizer effect. There were four treatments including wheat straw derived (WBF), peanut shell derived (PBF) and cotton straw derived (CBF) biochar-based fertilizer ,the total nutrient is 37%,with N:P2O5:K2O=18:9:10 in this trial, and control experiment with the application of normal compound fertilizer, the total nutrient is 45%,with N:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15 was set to drive the comparisons. Compared to normal compound fertilizer, WBF decreased the nitrate content in cabbage by 35.38%, increased soluble sugar content by 13.33% and vitamin C by 31.55%. Meanwhile, the cabbage yield was increased by 45.03% with the application of WBC compared to compound fertilizer though the nutrient content in WBF was less than that in compound fertilizer by 18%. However, the effect of PBF and CBF were not obvious compared to compound fertilizer. Therefore, WBF is expected to become a new environment-friendly fertilizer to decrease nitrate content in vegetable and increase the quality and yield.