Carbon, Nitrogen Mineralization and Effects on Yield and Quality of Tomato in Greenhouse of Biochar Made by Sludge

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1141

Abstract

Abstract: Both house culture and field experiments were carried out to study effects of biochar made by sludge and combining application of biochar made by sludge and chemical fertilizer on yield and quality of cultivated tomato and utilization rate of fertilizer in order to investigate carbon, nitrogen mineralization characteristics and fertilizer effect of biochar made by sludge. The results showed that, under the same organic carbon (or nitrogen) application rate, the amount of CO2-C mineralized of biochar made by sludge was significantly lower than that of cow composting (P<0.05). The carbon mineralization rate of sludge biochar which was cultured 21 weeks was 13.7% that of cow composting. Soil average nitrogen mineralization rate of sludge biochar treatment was significantly higher than that in cow composting. The average nitrogen mineralization rate of sludge biochar and cow composting cultured for 21 weeks were 6.9% and 1.0%, respectively. There was no difference in tomato fruit yields and biomass between sludge biochar and cow composting treatments in cultured soil with higher fertility level. In addition, there was no undesirable effect on tomato nutrient quality, flavor quality and nitrate and nitrite content in tomato in the sludge biochar treatment. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer utilization of sludge biochar treatment was lower than single application of cow composting. But sludge biochar was very beneficial to improve greenhouse soil fertility the condition that the tomato yield and quality was not affected.

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