Abstract: In order to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources in Heilongjiang, achieve reasonable use of water resources and development, and to provide a scientific basis for the water allocation and droughts and floods of agricultural, the authors used the observation data at 60 stations in Heilongjiang Province from 1961 to 2011, the spatial and temporal variations of utilizable precipitation were analyzed by using the method of regression analysis. The results showed that: in recent 51 years, the utilizable precipitation was declined in Heilongjiang, as the climate trend rate -4.4 mm/10 a, spring and winter increase significantly, summer and autumn showed a decreasing trend. Spatial distribution of the change rate shows that this trend was general but not universal. The water supply and demand in Songnen Plain and Sanjiang Plain would become increasingly prominent. The precipitation played a decisive role for the utilizable precipitation; the temperature also had a profound impact on the water resources in Heilongjiang.