Abstract: The quality of medicinal plants directly affects the quality and effect of herbal and medicinal products, and genetic seeding plays a key role on improving the quality and yield of the plants. In the recent years, as a new seeding technology, space breeding has achieved a lot of success in the study of medicinal plants. Based on some previous works, this study summarized the research progress and the basic conclusions of space seeding of medicinal plants in various aspects including biological characters, cytology, active ingredients’alteration, molecular marking and security, etc, concluded the achievements of this technology worldwide, and analyzed the particularity of space seeding of medicinal plants and studied its existing problems. Using space seeding in the seed selection of medicinal plants’new species could fasten the progress of space seeding of medicinal plants and improve the seeding quality. Currently, there were insufficiency of studies in medicinal plants in space biology, in the stability of heredity and in the pattern of active ingredients’alteration and so on. It suggested the enhancement of efforts in studying the basic theories of space seeding of medicinal plants, the clarification of the mutant factors and mechanisms, the further improvement of the predictability and the productivity of seeding; it should establish a comprehensive evaluation system that contained medicinal plants’characteristics as well as an examination system for the new species and developing research of risk assessment for the security of space seeding as well as active ingredients and the contents after space environment was altered.