Abstract: To investigate the effects of Paclitaxel(PA) on proliferation and function of different tissue macrophages separated from mice. Peritoneal, bone marrow and spleen macrophages were prepared by aseptic technique and in vitro cultured in media containing different concentration of 40, 80 and 160 ng/mL PA alone or respectively together with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cell proliferation was detected by MTT, TNF-α and NO level were assayed by ELISA and Griess methods respectively. Phagocytic ability of peritoneal macrophages was analyzed by Wright-Giemsa staining method. The results showed that PA could significantly promote peritoneal macrophage and LPS-stimulated peritoneal and bone marrow macrophages proliferation, but inhibit spleen and bone marrow macrophages and LPS-stimulated spleen macrophages. TNF-α secretion of different tissue macrophages was inhibited by PA, but NO secretion of peritoneal and spleen macrophages was promoted by PA. PA enhanced the phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages to chicken red blood cells. PA had different impacts on the immune functions of different tissue macrophages from mice, which might be provided a new theoretical basis for the mechanism to regulate cellular immune function of PA.