Abstract: Heilongjiang is a large commodity grain province which has made extremely remarkable contributions to national food security. In order to future validate whether grain contributions and farmers’ income in Heilongjiang is coordinated or not, this paper analyzed the data of 31 provinces and cities based on the factor analysis. The results showed that, the score of comprehensive grain production capacity of Heilongjiang was 1.68, ranking No. 3 in the country; the score of its farmers’ income was -0.92, ranking No. 26 in the country; the score gap of the two was -2.6, ranking the highest in the country. According to the study, we arrive at the conclusion that the coordination between grain production and farmers’ income in Heilongjiang is extremely terrible which is lower than the level of food sales areas and other food producing areas.