Abstract: The aim of this paper was to investigate the wage returns to job training for off-land farmers in China, taking into account the statistical complications present in existing studies. We used a national wide field survey conducted in 12 cities in China for the time period between 1996 and 2008. The main finding of our study was that the average wage effect of on-the-job training was 4.9 per cent to 7.9 per cent. Compared with the average return to education, this implied that, on average, the wage return to job training was as important as the return to education. Also, we found out that on the job training had more effect on male workers and young labor.