Abstract: In order to research the dust retention capacity of the bamboos quantitatively from many aspects, enrich the garden with the bamboo species and optimize the configuration of the bamboo species, by measuring and analyzing spring dust retention capacity of 12 ornamental bamboo species of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, the change of dust retention capacity of the unit leaf area of them was studied from three aspects, i.e., plant type, time, height by statistical analysis. The results showed that: there was the significant difference in the spring dust retention capacity of the different plant types of bamboo species. Compared to the medium-sized shrubby and arborescent ornamental bamboos and the large arborescent ornamental bamboos, the small shrubby ornamental bamboos had the advantage on the dust retention capacity. Indocalamus latifolius’s dust retention capacity (1.94 g/m²) was the largest than that of Bambusa multiplex‘Fernleaf’(1.46 g/m²) and Bambusa mutltiplex‘Stripestem Fernleaf’(1.42 g/m²). The dust retention capacity of Dendrocalamus minor var. amoenus (0.72 g/m²) was the smallest. Indocalamus latifolius’s dust retention capacity was the 2.7 times than that of Dendrocalamus minor var. amoenus. The dust retention capacity at the height of 50 cm and 150 cm of the most bamboo species were larger than that of at the height of 200 cm above the ground. They were Indocalamus latifolius, Phyllostachys nigra, Dendrocalamus minor var. amoenus. The dust retention capacity at the height of 200 cm above the ground of Phyllostachys heterocycla‘Taokiang’was the largest at the same height level.