Abstract: Agricultural input-output level can be measured from 2 aspects, the first is the level of agricultural input-output scale; second is the level of agricultural input-output effectiveness. Grey superior analysis excluding subjective factors in the case of agricultural input-output evaluation indicators of empowerment, this method can enhance the credibility of the evaluation system. The associated sequence of evaluation reflects the strength of the representation of the evaluation of indicators to measure the level of agricultural input-output level. After calculation, in the years 1981-2010, the scale index of Chinese agricultural input-output in general continues to rise, but mainly relies on output pull before 1995, after which mainly relies on invested pulling; the efficiency index of Chinese agricultural input-output is the first positive after negative and presented the ‘S’ shape fluctuations, this indicates that China’s development of agricultural production has to get rid of the ‘high-efficiency, low-level’ and ‘high-level, low-benefit’ non-benign state, and shows a "high-efficiency, high-level" healthy development momentum.