Abstract: Promote the development of regional agriculture rapidly and increase farmers' income continuously is a very important task to build a well-off society in an all-round way. The thesis synthetically use the SPSS, Geoda and ARCGIS 9.3 software, Use the county per capita net income of farmers in 1995 to 2011 data in Gansu province, analyzing preliminarily the change of famer’s income in time and space characteristics, the overall and local spatial pattern changes and reasons. The results show that the spatial autocorrelation characteristic of farmers' income level is obvious in county of Gansu province, similar levels of income distribution in space agglomeration in, and present a‘dumbbell’form space pattern. Namely high income farmers in areas concentrated distribution in Hexi area, low- income areas concentrated distribution in Longzhong, Longdong and Longnan region. The different geographical location conditions, imbalanced economical development and social conditions’difference is the major causes of regional variations in farmers' income level.