Abstract: In order to provide a scientific basis for cultivation, breeding and identification of cold varieties of land race pears in Xinjiang, 25 kinds of land race pears were taken as the experimental materials, electrolyte (REC), malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble protein, soluble sugar and free proline (Pro) contents as well as other physiological indices under the low temperature stress (-18, -21, -24, -27 and -30℃) were measured, and comprehensive evaluation of the cold-resistance of 25 kinds of land race pears was conducted by correlation analysis and subordinate function. The results showed that: REC increased with low temperature stress, the MDA content level had an overall increasing trend; MDA content in some varieties were increased at the beginning and then decreased. The soluble protein, soluble sugar and Pro content levels increased first and then decreased. According to the method of subordinate function and the subordinate function values, the cold resistance of 25 kinds of land race pears were as follows: Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Aiwenqieke’＞ Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Huochengjujuli’＞ Pyrus bretshneideri‘Huochengbayueli’＞ Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Hesejujuli’＞ Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Jujuli’＞ Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Luntaijujuli’＞ Pyrus communis‘Yiningwanduxiali’＞ Pyrus bretshneideri‘Sha02’＞ Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Akesujujuli’＞ Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Zhuxuanyihao’＞Pyrus communis‘Hongxiangli’＞ Pyrus communis‘Daguokuikeamute’＞ Pyrus bretshneideri‘Sha01’＞Pyrus sinkiangensis‘lvli’＞ Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Heisuanli’＞ Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Naixipute’＞ Pyrus bretshneideri‘Kuerlexiangli’＞ Pyrus bretshneideri‘xinliqihao’＞Pyrus communis‘shachedongxiangli’＞Pyrus bretshneideri‘Sha03’＞ Pyrus communis‘Kukeamuteyihao’＞ Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Kucheamute’＞Pyrus communis‘Kekeamuteerhao’＞ Pyrus sinkiangensis‘Kuerlehuangsuanli’＞ Pyrus sinkiangensis ‘Shachewanhongxiang’.