Abstract: Rural residential construction suitability evaluation was the base of efficient use of rural land resources. The purpose of this paper was to explore the application of the matter-element model in rural residential construction suitability evaluation. In accordance with the relevant standards of related projects, from natural conditions, living conditions and production conditions, we selected 10 indicators to constitute indicator system of rural residential construction suitability evaluation. On the basis of matter element analysis theory, we constructed rural suitability evaluation matter-element model, and used this model to evaluate the status quo residential construction of Ezhou Tingzu Town. The results showed that the matter-element model which could reveal different information of every individual indicator, would be suitable for rural residential construction suitability evaluation of Ezhou Tingzu Town. It was concluded that the use of matter-element model of rural residential construction suitability evaluations would help the intensive use of land conservation and efficient use of land resources integration.