Abstract: This article chose Chongqing Yongchuan, which was located in the three gorges reservoir region, as the research area, to classify and analyze the spatial change patterns of land use in 2000, 2005 and 2010 by using GIS technology. The results indicated that Yongchuan district, under the drive of rapid urbanization, had a remarkable increase of urban area and slight increase of forest area. Accordingly, farmland area was reducing in the 10 years as a source of forest and urban land supply. In this paper, the spatial change patterns of land use in 2015 were simulated three times with the CLUE-S model by using the spatial data of land use in 2010 and the driving factors affected land use change. The simulated results show that the forest and urban land expansion will be at the consumption of farmland. Above all, the ecological protection model have a good control effect, thus the forest, grassland and water, which have the ecological service function, should be better protected and increased, and inhibit the rapid expansion of urban construction. The delimitation of ecological protection area is important to the protection of ecological environment.