Regulation of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management of Cotton Yield and Nutrient Uptake Under the Machine Pick Cotton Pattern

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb14110176

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (12): 145-151.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb14110176

Special Issue: 棉花

Previous Articles Next Articles

Regulation of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management of Cotton Yield and Nutrient Uptake Under the Machine Pick Cotton Pattern

Nutrient Uptake Under the Machine Pick Cotton Pattern

Gong Shuangfeng^1,2, Yang Tao², Chen Baoyan², Ma Xingwang², Niu Xinxiang², Lou Shanwei³(¹Faculty of Grassland and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052;²Institute of Soil and Fertilizer and Agricultural Sparing Water, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091;³National Cotton Engineering Research Center, Urumqi 830091)

Received:2014-11-30 Revised:2014-12-08 Accepted:2014-12-11 Online:2015-05-06 Published:2015-05-06

Abstract

Abstract: To study nitrogen management technology under machine pick cotton planting mode, through field experiment with different nitrogen levels, the author collected representative samples of plants with different levels of cotton production in the growth period fixed points on a regular basis under the machine pick pattern, analyzed the content of N, P, K in the dry matter, studied the absorption of the N, P, K proportion and quantity and its difference in different growth periods, in order to explore soil - cotton system nutrient uptake characteristic, and its matching relation with output changes. The results showed that as basal application of nitrogen fertilizer ratio from 0% to 40%, machine pick cotton mode could achieve super high yield of 7667.15 kg/hm², high yield of 7376.12 kg/hm², and general yield of 7212.33 kg/hm². Nitrogen absorption was a major nutrient at seedling stage and bud stage under the machine pick pattern, accounted for 34.57%-48.52% of the total absorption in this growth period of the cotton. The greatest demand for nutrients was the bud stage to the flowering and boll-setting period, the absorption of N accounted for 66.14%-83.22% of all cotton yield, the absorption P₂O₅ accounted for 52.39%-73.07% in all of the absorption P₂O₅, the absorption K₂O accounted for 75.57%-79.08% in all of the absorption K₂O. Under machine pick cotton planting mode, the demand for N was earlier and higher, the demand for P₂O₅ was later and the longest. The time and strength demand for K were between the N and P₂O₅. Conclusion: machine pick cotton planting modes, through the management of base and topdressing proportion of nitrogen fertilizer, could control the cotton production at different levels. In super high yield cotton field, the absorption of N, P₂O₅ and K₂O were higher than that in medium high yield and the general yield field, and its yield per unit area and the absorption of K₂O was the largest. Cotton under different production levels had generally similar nutrient uptake ratio of N, P₂O₅, K₂O ratio, but there were differences among the nutrient uptake ratios in each growth period.

References

[1] 董少华,哈斯叶提·居马.新疆棉花连续20年实现四项全国第一[N].新疆日报讯,2012-11-29(3).
[2] 王肖娟,危常州,张君,等.灌溉方式和施氮量对棉花生长及氮素利用效率的影响[J].棉花学报,2012,24(6):554-561.
[3] 王峰,孙景生,刘祖贵,等.灌溉制度对机采棉生长、产量及品质的影响[J].棉花学报,2014,26(1):41-48.
[4] 罗宏海,朱建军,赵瑞海,等.膜下滴灌条件下根区水分对棉花根系生长及产量的调节[J].棉花学报,2010,22(1):63-69.
[5] 郭仁松,魏红国,张巨松,等.南疆超高产棉花干物质积累分配与养分吸收运移特征的研究[J].新疆农业科学,2011,48(3):410-418.
[6] 李蕾,娄春恒,文如镜,等.新疆不同密度下棉花干物质积累及其分配规律研究[J].西北农业学报,1996,5(2):10-14.
[7] Hebbar K B, Perumal N K, Khadi B M. Photosynthesis and plant growth response of transgenic Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) hybrids under field condition[J]. Photosynthetica,2007,45(2):254-258.
[8] 张旺锋,李蒙春,勾玲,等.北疆高产棉花养分吸收特性的研究[J].棉花学报,1998,10(2):88-95.
[9] 柳维扬,郑德明,姜益娟,等.南疆高产杂交棉生长性状及氮磷钾吸收模拟[J].棉花学报,2009,21(5):431-封三.
[10] 刘爱玉,陈金湘,余筱南,等.棉花群体质量研究现状与展望[J].作物研究,2001(5):44-49.
[11] 张旺峰,李蒙春,等.北疆高产棉花干物质积累的模拟[J].石河子大学学报,1998,2(2):89-92.
[12] 娄善伟,张巨松,赵强,等.棉花超高产群体研究[J].新疆农业科学,2008,45(S2):25-29.
[13] 张新国,陈谦,张巨松,等.超高产棉花器官同伸关系及棉铃空间分布特征的初步研究[J].新疆农业科学,2010,47(1):36-41.
[14] 王志才,李存东,张永江,等.种植密度对棉花主要群体质量指标的影响[J].棉花学报,2011,23(3):284-288.
[15] Balkcom K S, Reeves D W, Shaw J N, et al. Cotton yield and fiber quality from irrigated tillage systems in the Tennessee Valley[J]. Agronomy Journal,2006,98(3):596-602.
[16] Dadelen N, Baal H, Y1lmaz E, et al. Different drip irrigation regimes affect cotton yield, water use efficiency and fiber quality in western Turkey[J]. Agricultural Water Management,2009,96(1):111-120.
[17] 张鲁云,陈永成.新疆生产建设兵团机采棉现状及建议[J].农业机械,2011(3):80-82.
[18] 王志坚,徐红.新疆机采棉的调研与发展建议[J].中国棉花,2011,38(6):10-13.
[19] 田长彦.新疆棉产业可持续发展面临的挑战与科技对策[J].干旱区研究,2001,18(4):62-67.
[20] 池静波,黄子蔚,黄玉萍,等.滴灌条件下不同产量水平棉花各生育期需肥规律的研究[J].新疆农业科学,2009,46(2):327-331.
[21] 陈奇恩,田明军,吴云康.棉花生育规律与优质高产高效栽培[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1997.
[22] 陆景陵.植物营养学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1995.
[23] 王克如,李少昆,曹连莆,等.新疆高产棉田氮、磷、钾吸收动态及模式初步研究[J].中国农业科学,2003,36(07):775-780.
[24] 张学昕,刘淑英,王平,等.不同氮磷钾配施对棉花干物质积累、养分吸收及产量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2012,21(8):107-113.
[25] 雷耀湖,王平,刘淑英,等.施氮量对棉花氮素吸收利用和产量的影响[J].土壤通报,2013,44(4):940-944.
[26] 秦胜金,刘景双,王国平.影响土壤磷有效性变化作用机理[J].土壤通报,2006,37(5):1012-1016.
[27] 王利,高祥照,马文奇,等.中国低浓度磷肥的使用现状与发展展望[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(5):732-737.
[28] 尹飞虎,康金花,黄子蔚,等.棉花滴灌随水施滴灌专用肥中磷素的移动和利用率的32Ｐ研究[J].西北农业学报,2005,14(6):199-204.
[29] 刘洪亮,曾胜河,施敏,等.棉花膜下滴灌施肥技术的研究[J].土壤肥料,2004(2):30-31.
[30] 姚银坤,张炎,胡伟,等.施磷对长绒棉干物质积累、分配比例和产量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2008(5):36-40.
[31] 张山鹰.新疆机采棉发展现状及发展方向的思考[J].农业工程,2012,7(2):1-6.
[32] 穆建新,张建云.机采棉的现状及发展对策[J].当代农机,2012(6):57-58.

Regulation of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management of Cotton Yield and Nutrient Uptake Under the Machine Pick Cotton Pattern

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 0

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

For authors

For reviewers

Reader center

Contact us