Abstract: This study aimed to reveal the community structure and diversity of bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of different plants, and lay the foundation for better utilization of the bacteria in the rhizosphere soil. The bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of 12 kinds of plants were isolated by dilution method. Based on 16S rDNA sequence determination and phylogenetic analysis, the taxonomic positions of the bacteria were preliminary determined. The results showed that the diversity of culturable bacteria was different in the rhizosphere soil of different plants. The quantity and species of the bacteria were richer in continuous cropping soil and perennial plant rhizosphere soil. 137 bacteria were isolated from rhizosphere soil of 12 kinds of plants and classified into 8 genusis, including Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Brevibacterium, Arthrobacter, Serratia, Paenibacillus, Acinetobacter, and Massilia. The dominant genus was Bacillus, accounting for 81.0% , among which, B. megaterium, B. aryabhattai, B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens accounted for the major proportion. Bacteria species like B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens were reported as profitable soil microorganism, could be developed and utilized in future research, culturable bacteria in plant rhizosphere soil were various and rich in species, and were expected to become a beneficial microorganism pool for future use.